大學英語四六級考試改革樣卷試題(文件)

　

【正文】 iticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions. Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030. Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum’s report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to humandriven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受傷害的 ) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的 ).” However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty. In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heattrapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report. 注意：此部分試題請在答題卡 2上作答。 Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get onthejob training from a worldclass scientist and his . team. F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the mercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe puter and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Inter infrastructure (基礎設施 ) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between universitybased science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed panies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology panies have set up shop around the university. G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the researchuniversity model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2022, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is wele, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of longterm GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreignlanguage study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to . universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the . Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unweling to international