最新基于單片機(jī)智能遙控風(fēng)扇的設(shè)計(jì)與制作畢業(yè)論文(存儲版)

　　

【正文】 ontrol high voltage, optocoupler controltriode amplification,realizes the fan control.Keywords: Temperature control fan, MCU, DS18B20,automatic control1前言在現(xiàn)代社會中，風(fēng)扇被廣泛的應(yīng)用，發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用，如夏天人們用的散熱風(fēng)扇、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中大型機(jī)械中的散熱風(fēng)扇以及現(xiàn)在筆記本電腦上廣泛使用的智能 CPU 風(fēng)扇等。比如，現(xiàn)在雖然不少城市家庭用上了空調(diào)，但在占中國大部分人口的農(nóng)村地區(qū)依舊使用電風(fēng)扇作為降溫防暑設(shè)備，春夏（夏秋）交替時(shí)節(jié)，白天溫度依舊很高，電風(fēng)扇應(yīng)高轉(zhuǎn)速、大風(fēng)量，使人感到清涼；到了晚上，氣溫降低，當(dāng)人入睡后，應(yīng)該逐步減小轉(zhuǎn)速，以免使人感冒。它的廣泛應(yīng)用和普及給人們的日常生活帶來了方便。（1）要求完成紅外遙控器控制風(fēng)扇；（2）要求完成 LCD1602 液晶顯示年月日和具體時(shí)間以及溫度等信息；（3）要求完成單片機(jī)的 PWM 控制光耦，光耦來改變?nèi)龢O管放大的倍數(shù)，從而達(dá)到驅(qū)動高于本設(shè)計(jì)電壓的風(fēng)扇；（4）要求完成人體感應(yīng)模塊檢測人體信號；（5）要求完成 DS18B20 檢測溫度。另外，它還能提供 31 字節(jié)的用于高速數(shù)據(jù)暫存的 RAM。STC12C5A60S2 系列工作電壓為 （5V 單片機(jī)）STC12LE5A60S2 系列工作電壓為 （3V 單片機(jī)）。7圖 31 stc12c5A60S2 和上拉電阻圖 32 復(fù)位電路和晶振電路復(fù)位電路：電阻給電容充電，電容的電壓緩慢上升直到 vcc，沒到 vcc 時(shí)芯片復(fù)位腳近似低電平，于是芯片復(fù)位，接近 vcc 時(shí)芯片復(fù)位腳近高電平，于是芯片停止復(fù)位，復(fù)位完成。 p0 口用來驅(qū)動 PNP 管子的時(shí)候，就不需要上拉電阻，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的低電平有效。10VDD:可選電源腳,電源電壓范圍 3~。因此得到結(jié)論：太陽光譜中，紅光的外側(cè)必定存在看不見的光線，這就是紅外線。因此,其與單片機(jī)之間的數(shù)據(jù)傳送是十分容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的，DS1302 的引腳排列及內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)圖見圖 311：DS1302 引腳說明： X1，X2 晶振引腳GND 地線RST 復(fù)位端I/O 數(shù)據(jù)輸入/輸出端口SCLK 串行時(shí)鐘端口VCC1 慢速充電引腳VCC2 電源引腳 時(shí)鐘芯片 DS1302 的接口電路及工作原理見圖 312： 圖 311 DS1302 管腳圖13BT1BATTERYR310KR410KR510KY2VCC21X12X23GND4 CE 5IO 6SCLK 7VCC1 8U4DS1302+5GND+5GND圖 312 DS1302 與 MCU 接口電路上圖為 DS1302 的接口電路，其中 VCC1 為后備電源，VCC2 為主電源。 第 3 腳：VL 為液晶顯示器對比度調(diào)整端，接正電源時(shí)對比度最弱，接地時(shí)對比度最高，對比度過高時(shí)會產(chǎn)生“鬼影”，使用時(shí)可以通過一個(gè) 10K 的電位器調(diào)整對比度。（2）1602LCD 的 RAM 地址映射以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)字庫表LCD1602 液晶模塊內(nèi)部的字符發(fā)生存儲器已經(jīng)存儲了 160 個(gè)不同的點(diǎn)陣字符圖形，這些字符圖有：阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字、英文字母的大小寫、常用的符號、和日文假名等，每一個(gè)字符都有一個(gè)固定的代碼，比如大寫的英文字母“A ”的代碼是 01000001B（41H），顯示時(shí)模塊把地址 41H 中的點(diǎn)陣字符圖形顯示出來，我們就能看到字母。 D：控制整體顯示的開與關(guān)，高電平表示開顯示，低電平表示關(guān)顯示。指令 8：DDRAM 地址設(shè)置 。液晶顯示器具有厚度薄、適用于大規(guī)模集成電路直接驅(qū)動、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)全彩色顯示的特點(diǎn)，目前已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用在便攜式電腦、數(shù)字?jǐn)z像機(jī)、PDA 移動通信工具等眾多領(lǐng)域。 主程序流程圖首先將定時(shí)器、IIC 控制總線、DS1302 時(shí)鐘、1602LCD 液晶顯示器初始化，讀取 IIC控制總線內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)和溫度值。當(dāng)溫度大于 32 小于 34 時(shí)占空比是百分之九十，風(fēng)扇的檔位為 2 檔。由于DS18B20 為 3 個(gè)引腳，因此在調(diào)試過程中因注意其各個(gè)引腳的對應(yīng)位置，以免將其接反而是芯片不能工作甚至燒毀芯片。 23參考文獻(xiàn)（1）中文專著： [1]李光飛．單片機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例指導(dǎo)．北京：北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社，2022,610 [2]金發(fā)慶. 傳感器技術(shù)與應(yīng)用. 北京: 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社, 2022,89103 [3] 張毅剛．單片機(jī)原理及應(yīng)用．北京：高等教育出版社，2022,5589 [4]李玉峰．MCS51 系列單片機(jī)原理與接口技術(shù)．北京：人民郵電出版社，2022,1223 [5] 李朝青. 單品機(jī)原理及接口技術(shù). 北京: 北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社, 2022，3365 [6] 李全利．單片計(jì)原理及接口技術(shù)．北京：高等教育出版社，2022,3678 [7] 康華光．電子技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)（模擬部分）．北京：高等教育出版社，2022，5283 [8] 周航慈．單片機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)．北京：北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社，2022,923 [9] 胡健．單片機(jī)原理及接口技術(shù)實(shí)踐教程．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2022,95142 [10]沙占友. 集成溫度傳感器原理與應(yīng)用. 北京: 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社, 2022,4656 [11]劉君華. 智能傳感器系統(tǒng). 西安: 電子科技大學(xué)出版社, 2022,4957 [12]高西全, 丁玉玉. 數(shù)字信號處理. 西安: 電子科技大學(xué)出版社, 2022,3342（2）中文學(xué)術(shù)論文：[1] 集成溫度傳感器原理與應(yīng)用. 安徽: 安徽機(jī)電學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào), 2022.（3）互聯(lián)網(wǎng)文獻(xiàn)：[1].[2].（4）外文文獻(xiàn)：[1] B Schneier．Applied Crytography：Algorithms，and Source Code in C[J]．New York：Jone Wileyamp。s hard drive in terms of nothing, but in terms of the MCU is not acceptable. SCM in the utilization of hardware 26resources to be very high for the job so although the original is still in the pilation of a lot of use. The same token, if the giant puter operating system and applications run up to get home PC, home PC, also can not afford to.Can be said that the twentieth century across the three power era, that is, the age of electricity, the electronic age and has entered into the puter age. However, this puter, usually refers to the personal puter, referred to as PC. It consists of the host, keyboard, monitor and other ponents. Another type of puter, most people do not know how. This puter is to give all kinds of intelligent machines single chip (also known as microcontroller). As the name suggests, this puter system took only a minimal integrated circuit, can be a simple operation and control. Because it is small, usually hidden in the charged mechanical stomach in. It is in the device, like the human brain plays a role, it goes wrong, the whole plant was paralyzed. Now, this microcontroller has a very broad field of use, such as smart meters, realtime industrial control, munications equipment, navigation systems, and household appliances. Once all kinds of products were using SCM, can serve to upgrade the effectiveness of products, often in the product name preceded by the adjective intelligent, such as intelligent washing machines. Now some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers to engage in out of certain products, not the circuit is too plicated, that function is too simple and can easily be copied. The reason may be stuck in the product did not use a microcontroller or other programmable logic device.SCM history SCM was born in the late 20th century, 70, experienced SCM, MCU, SOC three stages.First model the single chip microputer (Single Chip Microputer) stage, mainly seeking the best of the best single form of embedded systems architecture. Innovation model success, laying the SCM and general puter pletely different path of development. In the open road of independent development of embedded systems, Intel Corporation contributed. the microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, highlight the object of intelligent involves the areas associated with the object system, therefore, the development of MCU39。s largest puter. Modern human life used in almost every piece of electronic and mechanical products will be integrated single , telephone, calculator, home appliances, electronic toys, handheld puters and puter accessories such as a mouse with a 12 in both the Department of SCM. Personal puter will have a large number of SCM in the work. General car with more than 40 SCM, 25plex industrial control systems may even have hundreds of SCM in the same time work! SCM is not only far exceeds the number of PC and other puting the sum, or even more tha