英美文化對(duì)比論文正稿(存儲(chǔ)版)

　　

【正文】 the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The major job of the House of Lords is to “double check” new laws, but the House of Lords has no powers. The House of Commons is the most important part in Parliament. Its major job is to make laws and discuss policies, and its second job is to scrutinize. Members of the House of Lords are called “Peers” and they are unelected. Members of the House Commons are called “MPs” and they are elected. Although the Queen has no say in how the country is run, she is also very important to the UK.The American Legislative branch consists of the Congress which consists of the Senate with 100 members and the House of Representatives with 435 members. Representatives serve twoyear terms and Senators serve sixyear terms. The major job of Congress is to make laws. The lawmaking process is very plicated because each bill must be approved by two houses and the president, which makes American laws flawless.The Executive The British Executive consists of the Prime Minister and other ministers. The Prime Minister is the leader of government. “By tradition, the Prime Minister is also but not always the First Lord of the Treasury and the Prime Minister gets salary for this role.”[2] The job of the Prime Minister is to supervise the operation of the government and appoint members of the Cabinet. “The Cabinet and its mittees work in great secrecy.”[1] No one except members of the Cabinet can see any Cabinet document and no member of the Cabinet can tell others any secret about the Cabinet.The American Executive consists of the President and the Cabinet. The President, not like the Queen in the UK, has a say to govern the government. He is also the ceremonial head of the government, just like the Queen in the UK. So, the President generally viewed as the head of the US government. “He is the chief executive of the United States. According to the first line of Article 2, the executive power is vested in the President, and therefore he is responsible for taking care that the laws are faithfully executed.”[3] If the president approves of the Legislation, he signs it and it bees law. So the President is called the chief executive of the United States. The Cabinet is the federal executive department of the United States and includes the Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments. Its job is to offer advice and assistance to the President.The JudiciaryThe judiciaries of the UK are separate. There are three judiciaries of the three systems in England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. “Lord of Chancellor used to be the Supreme head of judiciary in England and Wales, but they lost most of their judiciary functions since 2006.”[2] Lord of Chancellor had an important and special status in the UK before the Prime Minister removed it in 2003. However, now there is a Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.The judiciary of the USA consists of the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeals and the District Courts. The courts play a large role in making policy in the United States. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the United States. “The Supreme Court determines whether acts of Congress and the President’s executive orders are constitutional and decides controversies between states.”[5] In fact, judiciary review is the Supreme Court’s main weapon. Judiciary review is the right of the Supreme Court to review any law made by Congress and decide its constitutionality. The most important constitutional courts are the District Courts and the Courts of Appeals. A constitutional court is one that is supported by consti