七年級英語寒假專題——閱讀訓練如何提高英語閱讀能(完整版)

　　

【正文】 ld one D. the old barber39。s shop today.” means ____. A. this barber39。s shop next time: look at all the barber39。 通過自己的努力獲得的飛快的閱讀速度，會使自己在英語閱讀時得到巨大的享受，希望大家也能達到這一步，共同享受閱讀的快樂?？匆黄恼碌臅r候，注意不要逐字逐字地看，或是一句句的看，要把兩個或三個句子連起來，一氣呵成，把它們看完，形成這種能力的關鍵，就是要加寬自己閱讀時的視幅，這個能力的形成要 下很大的苦功，送大家一句話吧：勤與不畏難是關鍵。 注意力高度集中。所以要提高閱讀水平，我們就得學會積累詞語。 整體理解 我們常有這樣 的情況：句子都能看懂，但讀完文章印象卻不深，這就牽涉到對文章框架結構的整體理解。 細讀 (closereading) 指學生在對全文有個整體印象的前提下所進行的深入細致的閱讀，要求了解各段落的主要意思和文章的細節(jié)，并在此基礎上提出新的問題或觀點，發(fā)展學生的思維能力。 據統(tǒng)計，把以前的中學六年的英語教科書的課文內容全部相加總量不過是一張日報一面的量，這些語言量不管怎么讀，也是不可能掌握一門語言的，所以現在新的英語教學大綱要求初中畢業(yè)生的英語閱讀量為 30 萬單詞，高中畢業(yè)的量為 60 萬單詞，從教學措施上保證學生必須達到這個閱讀量的標準，因為 我們在學校讀的英語課本實質上僅僅是精讀，因此我們要補充的應是泛瀆，讀什么呢？ （一）、選一本你感興趣，且翻最初幾頁你不查詞典也能看懂的英語書，開始可選一些簡易或縮寫的讀物，然后可選一些原著。 從全國各地中考英語試題的設計去分析，涉及閱讀技巧和語篇能力方面的考點主要有：理解主旨大意與細節(jié)、根據上下文線索猜測生詞詞義、識別具體事實和抽象概念、把握全篇的結構與邏輯關系、理解文章的字面意思與深層含義、理解圖表信息等。以中、高考英語試題為例，閱讀理解題在試題中所占的比重最大，同時聽力、完形填空、書面表達、單項填空等題型的答題效果也直接或間接地依賴于閱讀能力。 從提高英語閱讀能力的途徑看，學生的閱讀訓練與學習主要有兩類：一類以開闊視野、欣賞鑒析為主；另一類是以閱讀策略為主要目的的專項訓練。而閱讀理解題更是越來越多地檢測學生對文章的隱含意義、邏輯結構等的理解和對主旨大意的概括，例如推斷作者的寫作態(tài)度和意圖、猜測生詞的詞義、確立文章的主題等，這些問題的答案多數隱藏在文章的脈絡之中，學生通常無法直接從字面意思中獲得，必須開動腦筋、激活思維。如：我們在看報紙時常看到外資公司用英語寫的招聘廣告，在吃時包裝上的英語說明、走進賓館時所見到的英語告示……，實際上英語已滲透到我們生活的每個角落，要是你有心的話，你可隨時學習。在整個快速閱讀過程中，要高度集中思想，讓大腦處于高度興奮狀態(tài)中。所以我們在閱讀文章時要養(yǎng)成這樣一個習慣：見了文章的題目，要停頓一下，想一想，如果讓你寫這篇文章將如何寫，或猜一猜，這篇文章大概寫什么，然后你會饒有興趣地讀下去。 多背單詞?？从⒄Z文章的時候，有些同學要把看到的東西先暗暗轉譯成中文才能理解，這說明他們的閱讀能力還沒有產生質的飛躍。舉個例子，我一度連續(xù)半年保持每天 810 篇英文散文或文論的閱讀量，這樣堅持下來，閱讀的速度就上來了。t quite satisfied with my old one, but this one seems even worse.” Bob agreed(同意 ). “Yes, I think you39。t be the worst barber.” 1. When Jack went out of the barber39。s shop was the best one B. the old barber39。s hair cut at a barber39。s palace C. have his pictures painted in the king39。s too hot for an old man like you to walk today,” So the farmer got up behind his son, and they rode on. Some time later, a young woman passed them, “Why aren39。t like to work. C. Tom was a boy who worked very hard. 2. What were his father and mother? A. His father was a doctor and his mother was a nurse. B. His father was a worker, his mother was a doctor. C. His father was a doctor, so his mother. 3. What did his parents want him to be when he grew up? A. They wanted him to be a dustman. B. They wanted him to be an officer. C. They wanted him to be a doctor. 4. What did Tom say he wanted to be? A. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who collected rubbish and emptied the dustbins. B. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who taught the children at school. C. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who worked in a hospital. 5. Why did Tom think that dustmen only worked one day a week? A. Because Tom heard of this. B. Because one of the dustmen had told him before. C. Because Tom had seen the dustmen only on Thursday at his house. （八） Can Animal be Made to Work for Us Can animals be made to work for us? Some scientists think that one day animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs. They say that in a film or on TV we may see elephants, or monkeys, dogs, bear, or other animals doing a lot of things. If you watch carefully, you may find that those animals are always given something to eat in return for doing them. The scientists say that many different animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they know they will get something to eat in return. Of course, as we know, dogs can be used to guard a house, and elephant can be used to do some heavy jobs. And we can also teach animal to work in factories. Apes(猿猴 ), for example, have been used in America to help make cars and scientists believe that these large monkeys may one day get in crops and even drive trains. 1. Elephant can be used to do some heavy jobs because ____. A. they can eat a lot B. they are very heavy, too C. they are very strong 2. Dogs can be used to guard a house for his host because ____. A. they are good at running B. they are very kind and friendly to people C. they are brave enough to get the stranger(陌生人 )and thieves away from the house 3. Many different animals may be taught to do some simple jobs if ____. A. they have enough food to eat B. they learn they will get something to eat in return after doing them C. if they are sent to school 4. ____ can be train to work for us. A. Only a few animals B. Quite a few animals C. Few animal 5. Many scientists are working hard to ____. A. make monkeys get in crops and drive trains B. make monkeys guard house like dogs C. make bears get in crops （九） A Girl or A Boy, A Woman or A man? A lot of boys and girls in America are wearing the same clothes and many of them have long hair. So it is often difficult to tell whether they are boys or girls. One day an old man went for a walk in a park in Washington, and he was tired, he sat down on a bench(長凳 ). A young person was standing on the other side of the pond(水池 ). “Excuse me,” the old man said to the person next to him on the bench, “Do you see the person with the red trousers and long hair? Is it a boy or a girl?” “A girl,” said his neighbour, “She is my daughter.” “Oh,” the old said quickly, “I am sorry, but I didn39。s ____. A. mother B. father C. brother （十） Mr Robinson worked in Africa(非洲 ). His son was born there. His name was John. One winter