工程管理外文翻譯(中英文對照)(完整版)

　　

【正文】 oject cost of accurate positioning and building Optimization guiding role.In the decisionmaking phase of the most important is to do a good job feasibility study， the work is done well， returns on investment and can form a good proportion. Otherwise， invest more， less effective， resulting in loss of control and waste of investment.At present， some of the projects planned the owners of departure from the subjective desires of a feasibility study on the lack of scientific proof. Feasibility Study untrue， false or engineering functions obtaining the approval of their superiors， actually put into the feasibility study will be awarded in the study for the project after the smooth functioning buried a lot of hidden problems， lead to insufficient followup funds for the project and4the stage of the project cost management had to extend the time limit so that the project could not have planned the use of costeffective， even bee hopeless pletion of the beard works.Therefore， in order to phase in the investment decisionmakingeffectively control construction costs， we must do the following aspects:Implementation of the construction project and corporateaccountability， Construction of the project from planning to implementation of the entire process and the use of the funds to repay responsibilities to the people. in addition to establishing a legal system and the project supervision matching mechanism by the departments in charge of the industry andsupervision departments for setting up a monitoring group to oversee the use of funds.A realistic approach to market analysis， to avoid the blindness of the project decisionmaking， reduces and reduces investment risk. Fullyconsider building projects in the future market petitiveness， design task more scientific and reliability.Capital financing must have a formal mitment document， the parties must do investment funds in place， and funds must have documents to ensure that the project can be approved after the scheduled implementation. To the various loan conditions should be carefully analyzed to minimize the burden of interest and repayment pressure.To strengthen the engineering geology， hydrology， geology and land， water， electricity， transport， environmental projects such as external conditions for the work of depth to make the investment estimate there are sufficient grounds.Taking extensive investigation and research， parison of similar projects， seriously functional analysis， multiprogram parison and choice. After full technical appraisal and economic evaluation， and the final technologically advanced， functional and reliable. Reasonable economic5the stage of the project cost management projects， thus calculate a more accurate and realistic estimation of theamount of investment， so that the project cost from the start positioning in a more reasonable level.The design phase of the project cost control for a long time， China’s building control very effective， investment projects is not unmon， this will affect owners of investment returns， it adds to the owners and within budget， as well as difficulties in fund owners， the impact on the future management or the owners make payments in arrears， and so on. Hence， the control of the project cost is of great significance， however the project cost is the primary means of control design，Currently most of the property owners in the design stage seldom works on cost control， and they found that the cost of the design will not have a great impact， it is wrong， on the contrary， Design phase of the project cost control is the most important step. Because it determines engineering design， construction methods， materials and equipment types， models of the project cost is of critical significance， design optimization phase of the program or minor changes， project cost will have a significant impact， Design phase of the project cost control of the total project cost of 70%. Following is how to control the project from design to create the Law:As the owners must design， the design selected on the quality level is a direct impact on the quality of product design level， and the design quality products in the level of direct influence on the pricing of the works. Different design units on the same project design are different. the same item ofdifferent design institute works between certain aspects of the project cost on the existence of differences between， We assume that with a design from two different design institute to design， Construction plans after the pletion of a requested advisory unit cost to do the budget， certainly different design institute the total cost of the project is absolutely not the6the stage of the project cost managementsame， and most of the difference between the two over 10% even more than 30%， and not necessarily high cost than the design of low cost， and good design is often low cost， We all know that different people have different design styles and different levels， the design works naturally， therefore chosen to design units is the control on the first step. Through tender to select the design of the units is a good method， the tender documents to elaborate on this particular aspect of the requirements， cost control targets， and so on.Otherwise， in the subsequent design process design units will put an increase in the cost of the design requirements。 the current stage of the project 。quot。quot。quot。 concept， the quality of education， Training pragmatic working style， the construction side to help improve construction design， reasonable security， financial， and material resources. Accelerate the pace of work to improve the quality of the projects. Construction should encounter problems in a timely manner with the designer linked to choose both economic and scientific potential solutions， overe the waste caused by mand， to give due attention to the importance of investment in conservation， is responsible for the engineering technic