畢業設計中型專用汽車變速器設計說明書(留存版)

　　

【正文】 o that the output shaft will mm at the same rate of speed as the input shaft. This is like a car that is in third or high gear. Another way that we can use a Plaary gear set is by locking the pla carrier from moving, then applying power to the ring gear which will cause the sun gear to turn in the opposite direction giving us reverse gear. The clutch pack is used, in this instance, to lock the pla carrier with the sun gear forcing both to turn at the same speed. If both the clutch pack and the band were released, the system would be in neutral. Turning the input shaft would turn the pla gears against the sun gear, but since nothing is holding the sun gear, it will just spin free and have no effect on the output shaft. To place the unit in first gear, the band is applied to hold the sun gear from moving. To shift from first to high gear, the band is released and the clutch is applied causing the output shaft to turn at the same speed as the input shaft. Many more binations are possible using two or more plaary sets connected in various ways to provide the different forward speeds and reverse that are found in modem automatic transmissions. Some of the clever gear arrangements found in four and now, five, six and even sevenspeed automatics are plex enough to make a technically astute lay person39。為了使得汽車能夠適應于不同工程的需要，使得汽車的應用范圍更加的廣泛，本變速器帶有取力器。我所設計的取力器采用雙聯齒輪，同時考慮窗口的尺寸與形狀。互鎖鎖裝置 ：當中間換擋撥叉軸移動掛擋時，另外兩個撥叉軸被鋼球瑣住。軸的全撓度為 ； 2scff??在其作用下應力為 3dMW??M～ ，W～為抗彎截面系數。根據摩擦錐面平均半徑 R 錐、摩擦系數 μ、錐面角 α 和撥環半徑 R 鎖來確定合適的鎖銷角 β,通常取 β=35176。　　接合套、同步鎖環和待接合齒輪的齒圈上均有倒角（鎖止角），同步鎖環的內錐面與待接合齒輪齒圈外錐面接觸產生摩擦。而對于斜齒輪 ， 是當量直齒標準齒輪不發生根切的i ?3cosvminvZ最小齒數。降低噪聲對轎車有意義，減輕質量對貨車比較重要。（3）換擋型式：有直齒滑動齒輪換擋、嚙合套換擋和同步器換擋三種型式。由于每擋齒輪組的齒數是固定的,所以各擋的變速比是定值。在設計過程中，利用 CAXA 繪圖，運用 MATALAB 軟件編程。為了使該變速器應用范圍更加的廣泛，應用到不同工程上，使得本變速器帶有取力器。在發動機轉矩方向不變的前提下,實現汽車的倒退行駛。但也有缺點，除直接擋外其他各擋的傳動效率有所降低。為了防止汽車行駛時誤掛倒擋，在導快上裝有帶彈簧的安全止柱。斜齒輪的螺旋角可在下面提供的范圍內選用：中型專用汽車變速器為18176。變速器的換擋操作，尤其是從高擋向低擋的換擋操作比較復雜，而且很容易產生輪齒或花鍵齒間的沖擊。2 同步環錐面直徑和寬度的確定在中間軸結構允許的情況下,為了增大錐面間的摩擦力矩,縮短同步時間,同步環錐面直徑應盡量取大值。第四章 變速器中間軸的校核軸的校核是評定變速器是否滿足所要求的強度、剛度等條件，是否滿足使用要求，是設計過程中的重要步驟，主要是為了對設計的數據校核，達到設計的要求。變速器自鎖、互鎖、倒擋鎖裝置：自鎖裝置：掛擋后應保證結合套于與結合齒圈的全部套合（或滑動齒輪換擋時，全齒長都進入嚙合） 。根據取力裝置相對于汽車地盤變速器的位置，取力裝置的取力方式可分為前置、中置和后置三種基本類型。我所設計的變速器為 5+1 檔專用汽車變速器。本科生畢業設計（論文）35附錄一外文翻譯A Short Course on a part of Automatic Transmissions The automatic transmission gearbox, as an important part in automobile driving system is used to make up the shorting of engine torque and rotary speed. It can change the vehicle speed and tyre torque in a big scope, cut off the power transfer from the engine, and also provides a reverse traveling direction for the vehicle. Therefore, the reasonability of the structure design of a transmission gearbox directly affects the vehicle39。特別感謝 XXX 老師在這次畢業設計中給我的鼓勵、支持和幫助。取力器一軸的強度校核： ； mZmrn ?????本科生畢業設計（論文）30???rTFen ???n . ；a40mb64012?所以 ???EILFfc 合格.~5.? . ??Ibafs rad????????EILF? 合格rad2.?mNMc ??? 217 2323 ?????? ； 合格??240mN?????取力器二軸的強度校核： ； NZr16 ???rTFen ?????nFNii2 ；ma6b8162?所以 ???EILfc ~5.??IbaFfs rad?????????EIL? 合格rad02.?NFMc ???16本科生畢業設計（論文）31mNaFMs ???? 233 ????? ； 合格??240mN?????齒輪彎曲應力計算:直齒： ???yKzTfgw3斜齒： ???zmgw3os2?式中：—彎曲應力（ ）w?2/NT —計算載荷（N軸承的選用應符合國家標準規定的系列，同時包括軸的直徑，但應以齒輪作為選取軸承的標準，因為軸承是標準件。（3）為了防止在汽車前進時誤掛倒擋，導致零件損壞，在操縱機構中設有倒擋鎖裝置。7 齒套接合齒的設計同步器齒套接合齒的模數、齒數應根據所傳遞的最大扭矩來確定。1 同步環錐面螺紋和油槽的設計為了破壞被同步齒輪內錐面上的油膜,增大摩擦力矩,同步環錐面上需車制螺紋,并在螺紋垂直方向開設排油槽,油槽的大小及數量應根據同步環錐面直徑來確定。本科生畢業設計（論文）9同步器的工作原理：在變速瞬間,變速器的輸入端和輸出端的轉速都在變化著,輸出端與汽車整車相連其轉動慣量 J 出相當大,換檔作用時間較短,可認為在換檔的瞬間輸出端轉速是恒定的。因此，從提高低檔齒輪的彎曲強度出發，并不希望 β 角過大，而從提高高檔齒輪的接觸強度著眼，可選取較大的 β 角。（4）變速器軸承常采用滾珠軸承、滾針軸承、滾柱軸承等。將第一、二擋直接連接起來傳遞轉矩稱為直接擋。現代汽車技術的發展對傳動裝置的設計工作提出了更高的要求。所以變速器的結構設計的合理性直接影響到汽車動力性和經濟性。s dynamic performance. It is usually required shifting gears rapidly and conveniently, saving force, and having a higher working efficiency and low working noises.The design of the five forward file plus a reverse of the transmission mediumsized special vehicle. In order to make the transmission more broad range of applications, application to a different project, make a check of the power transmission device. Transmission use of the middle axis, shifting the form of using the synchronizer gear shift and sliding to make the shift easy and reliable. Manipulation of institutions with selflocking and interlocking devices.Using the given basic parameters, it was firstly determined the transmission ratio of each shift, the shaft center distances, the gear modulus, the gear pressing angles and widths, and so on. And then the general dimension of the gearbox, including its length, width and height , and then on the intermediate shaft and the block to check gear. During the design process, using CAXA mapping, the use of software programming MATALAB. The final assembly drawing and ponents drawing Fig.Through this design, so that the design of the transmission of reliable, efficient transmission. Key words:Transmission,，Synchronizer ，Gear ，Take out of power本科生畢業設計（論文）III目 錄第一章 前 言 ....................................................1第二章 變速器結構概述 ............................................2第三章 變速器各主要參數的設計計算 ................................3 變速器傳動比的確定 .........................................3 中心距的初步確定 ...........................................4 軸的直徑的初步確定 .........................................4 齒輪模數的確定 .............................................5 齒輪壓力角的選擇 ...........................................5 各檔齒輪齒數的分配 .........................................5 變位系數的選擇 ..............................................7 齒輪齒寬的設計計算 .........................................7 變速器同步器的設計計算 .....................................8第四章 變速器中間軸的校 核 .......................................11 中間軸常嚙合齒輪處進行校核 .....................