【英語】初中英語閱讀理解日常生活類難題及答案1-文庫吧

【正文】 he better or truer we think the idea is. It39。s the social proof （社會認同感） that works. The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （實驗對象）. Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打獵） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others39。 action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now. Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a pany says its product is the most popular.（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________. A.telling a storyB.giving examplesC.answering questionsD.showing a map（2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ________. A.following others is always rightB.social proof may change people39。s ideasC.it39。s difficult to carry out the experimentD.people can study better if they are alone（3）The underlined word It in Paragraph g refers to ________. A.running with othersB.hunting with friendsC.copying others39。 actionD.doing something different（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推斷） that ________. A.it39。s important to run with others anytimeB.products in the advertisement are the bestC.we mustn39。t copy others39。 action to keep safeD.we need to think twice before following others【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文通過幾個實例說明了社會認知感對人們的影響。 （1）細節理解題。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通過實例說明了一個論點社會認同感的影響。故選B。 （2）細節理解題。第三段的實驗內容主要講讓人們選擇一個正確答案，在一個人單獨思考的狀況下，可以答對；當一群人一起看問題，并告知他們前面的人選擇的一個錯誤答案，他們就都選擇認可前人回答的錯誤答案，由此可知社會認同感會讓人改變觀點。故選B。 （3）詞意猜測題。根據Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打獵） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others39。 action.這種觀念深深種在我們的腦海中并且現在我們仍舊在使用。可知it指的是人們抄襲他人的行動。故選C。 （4）推理判斷題。根據 So be careful whenever a pany says its product is the most popular. 因此無論何時當一個公司說它的產品是對受歡迎的要小心。可知當我們在跟從別人之前要再三考慮。故選D。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，了解短文大意，然后分析問題，弄清題意，再帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細節中找出問題答案。對于推理判斷題要根據文章中相關的細節進行推理判斷，不要主觀臆斷，要根據作者的觀點確定。 4．閱讀理解 Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two children, Kevin and Jenny. The whole family are all busy, so they often leave notes to each other. Here are these four notes of today.3:30 pmTo Kevin, Mr. King rang, telling there is no football practice today, and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow.Jenny4:00 pmTo Jenny,It39。s your turn to walk our pet dog Teddy and play with him after school.Kevin6:45 pmTo all, Has anyone found my tennis shoes? I39。m doing my homework in my bedroom.Kevin9:00 pmTo Kevin, I saw your shoes this morning. They smelt terrible so I put them outside the back door. Good night, dear!Mum（1）_____________ was asked to walk the pet dog after school. A.MumB.KevinC.Jenny（2）Kevin was doing his homework in the ______________. A.bedroomB.gardenC.living room（3）Kevin could find his tennis shoes _____________at 6:45 pm. A.under the deskB.outside the back doorC.in the bag（4）What will Kevin probably do tomorrow? A.Play with Teddy.B.Play tennis.C.Play in a football match.（5）What can we learn from the notes? A.Teddy doesn39。t like to stay at home.B.Mr. King may be a coach.C.Mum washed Kevin39。s shoes.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文講述了斯密斯夫婦有兩個兒女。一個是凱文 ，另一個是珍妮。由于比較忙，所以他們彼此留言。本材料就他們之間的留言。 （1）細節理解題。根據To Jenny，It39。s your turn to walk our pet dog Teddy and play with him after school，珍妮，輪到你今天放學后遛咱們的寵物狗泰迪。故選C。 （2）細節理解題，根據6：45 pm，To all，Has anyone found my tennis shoes？I39。m doing my homework in my bedroom，Kevin，可知，時間6：45，有誰見到我的網球鞋，我在臥室做作業。故答案選A。 （3）細節理解題。根據I saw your shoes this morning. They smelt terrible so I put them outside the back door. Good night，dear! Mum. 可知，我在今天早上看到你的鞋，太難聞了，于是我就把它們后門的外面。可知可以在后門外找到球鞋。故選B。 （4）細節理解題。根據To Kevin，Mr，King rang，telling there is no football practice today，and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow，致凱文，王先生打電話，說今天不進行足球訓練，他讓你準備一下明天的足球比賽，可知明天凱文要參加足球比賽。故選C。 （5）細節推斷題。根據To Kevin，Mr，King rang，telling there is no football practice today，and he asked you to get ready for the football match tomorrow，致凱文，王先生打電話，說今天不進行足球訓練，他讓你準備一下明天的足球比賽。可知王先生可能是一位足球教練。故選B。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。先分析問題，然后帶著問題仔細閱讀圖表中的內容，從細節中找出問題的信息確定正確答案。5．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案。 If you look at the top of your phone, you39。ll usually see a little