(英語)高三英語閱讀理解(科普環保)試題類型及其解題技巧及解析-文庫吧

【正文】 f the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency. Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(優先事項). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In parison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it. Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA173。based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, . A.a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B.pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C.a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D.The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B.US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C.None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D.It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage? A.Zika vaccine 39。works very well39。 in miceB.Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC.International researches into Zika have paid offD.More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學家發現一種實驗性疫苗可以保護小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵襲。 （1）考查細節理解。根據第二段中的But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk 173。 such as pregnant women 173。 would still be years away可知，但是，即使這些進展順利，一種廣泛用于保護高危人群的授權疫苗仍需數年時間，也就是說如果人體試驗進展順利的話，短期內仍無法獲得授權疫苗，故選C。 （2）考查細節理解。根據第三段中的US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice可知，美國科學家在白鼠身上只測試了兩種而不是兩種以上的寨卡病毒，故選B。 （3）考查主旨大意。根據第一段中的A single dose(劑量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus,可知，一種實驗性疫苗可以保護小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵襲，由此可知，本文主要介紹的是寨卡病毒疫苗對小白鼠非常有效，故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，同時根據上下文進行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．犇犇閱讀理解 In our twenties, we find it funny when we can39。t remember our neighbor39。s cat39。s name or a handsome actor who starred in a famous movie. In our thirties, we jokingly call it brain freeze. In our forties, we laugh it off as a senior moment and follow up with one of these old age jokes. But the reality is that there es a point when being forgetful stops being funny and starts to seem a bit dreadful. You think, Am I losing it？Or worse, Is this a sign of Alzheimer39。s disease（老年癡呆癥）？ Well, don39。t worry. The fact that you recognize your own forgetfulness may be a very good sign, at least in terms of the possibility of your developing Alzheimer39。s disease（AD）. The researchers in a new study show that it39。s not forgetfulness but not being aware that we39。re forgetful that we should fear. The researchers began with the assumption that one mon feature of Alzheimer39。s disease is a damaged awareness of illness. And they wanted to prove their theory that the lack of awareness can be used to predict whether someone with mild cognitive（認知的）damage will progress to fullon AD. For the study, mild cognitive damage was defined as someone whose mental state was considered healthy but who had either plained of memory loss or had suffered objective memory loss. The researchers used existing data for 1, 062 people between the ages of 55 and 90 that had been recorded over a 12year period. The data included brain scans, which the researchers used to look for visual signs of reduced glucose uptake（葡萄糖吸收）.It is an objective marker of the sort of reduced brain function that goes along with expected, glucose uptake was reduced in those with AD. What the researchers also discovered was that glucose uptake was reduced in those with mild cognitive damage who also showed evidence of reduced illness awareness. Finally, the researchers found that those who had reduced illness awareness were more likely to develop AD than those without.（1）What can be implied from paragraph 1？ A.People can be forgetful at different ages.B.The memory of the young is better than the old.C.Old people are most afraid of getting Alzheimer39。s disease.D.It39。s a rare phenomenon when young people forget something.（2）What statement does the researchers in the new study agree with? A.Being aware all the time is a fearful thing.B.Illness awareness has nothing to do with Alzheimer39。s disease.C.Recognizing forgetfulness doesn39。t mean developing Alzheimer39。s disease.D.Realizing forgetfulness must be a sign of developing Alzheimer39。s disease.（3）What can be a sign of developing Alzheimer39。s disease? A.Realizing others39。 forgetfulness.B.Reduced uptake of glucose.C.Having higher intake of glucose.D.Expected increase in brain function.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.Science fiction.B.A chemistry book.C.A science research.D.A health brochure.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何預測你的記憶喪失是否是老年癡呆癥,一項新的研究表明，不是遺忘，而是沒有意識到我們的健忘讓人們感到害怕。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的“In our twenties, we find it funny when we can39。t remember our neighbor39。s cat39。s name or a handsome actor who starred in a famous movie. In our thirties, we jokingly call it ‘brain freeze’