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【正文】 ong time. He hasn’t married since he broke up with his girlfriend. 動作 狀態 die be over leave arrive begin end/finish join marry be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead 由非延續性動詞到延續性動詞的轉換 ★ buy My brother has had(不能用 has bought) this bike for almost four years. ★ 用 keep或 have代替 borrow I have kept(不能用 have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. ★ 用 be替代 bee How long has your sister been a teacher? ★ 用 have a cold代替 catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. ★ 用 wear代替 put on b)用“ be＋形容詞”代終止性動詞 be＋ married代 marry be＋ ill代 fall (get) ill be＋ asleep代 fall (get) asleep be＋ awake代 wake/wake up be＋ open代 open be closed代 close/shut be＋ missing (gone, lost) 代 lose 用法三： 表示一個過去發生的動作到現在為止已完成或剛剛完成。 ? Now we have planted all the trees. ? He has turned off the light. ? Up to now, the program has saved thousands of children. ? A: ― Would you like something to eat ? ‖ B: ― No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch.‖ ? All of us have heard this many times. ? I have visited Beijing three times. ? You don’t need to describe her。 I have met her several times. 用法四： 表示過去發生的一次或多次的動作，一般漢語譯為“過”，常帶有 once， twice, three times等頻度時間狀語 特殊句型： is + 時間段 since +一般過去時的 句子 . 2年了。 2. Nick 參軍 3年了 . 。 4個月了 . It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 句型二 : This/It is the first/second 等序數詞 time + that 從句 (謂語動詞用現在完成時 ) It’s the first time that Miss Liu has been to Taojiang. 句型三： It/This/That is the 最高級 + 名詞 that 從句（謂語動詞用現在完成時） It’s the best film that I have ever seen. have / has gone to amp。 have / has been to 1. have / has been (to)表示“ 去過某地 （現在已回來）” 2. have / has gone to 表示“ 去某地了 （說話時某人不在當地） “ 前者可與 once, never, several times等連用 ,后者則不能 我曾經去過三次意大利。 I have been to Italy three times. 他去哈爾濱了。 He has gone to Harbin. Have/has been in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. Summary: 用法一： ( 不確定的 ) 過去發生的動作對現在產生影 響或造成結果。 用法二 :表示從過去開始并持續到現在的動作或狀態， 也可能繼續持續下去。 用法三： 過去發生的動作到現在為止已完成或剛完成。 用法四： 過去發生的一次或多次的動作。 用法五： 用于某些特殊句型 Practice： 1. —Can you give me the right answer? —Sorry, I ___ Would you please repeat that question? A. haven’t listened B. hadn’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening 2. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what ____ . A. have marked B. have been marked C. had marked D. had been marked 3.—It seems that she is thinking about somethi