畢業(yè)設(shè)計液壓系統(tǒng)外文翻譯-文庫吧

【正文】 管道 42 不間斷的向系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)。在 4450 個大氣壓的這種液壓流將會流進(jìn)選擇控制減壓閥 48，然后，液體儲存器 14 的深度將上升到高 于液體儲存器 12 的高度之上，這樣流經(jīng)管道 46 的流體靜壓頭的液壓流將通過 減壓閥 48。但是，如圖 1 所示的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中，管道 46 和 減壓閥 48 之間是 0 個大氣壓，因此，流體流出的時候壓力相同，而且壓力將保持在任意一個定值到靜水壓頭的壓力值 4450 個大氣壓之間。該高壓液壓流也被輸送到管道 50 和 二位三通電磁換向閥 56，然后經(jīng)管道 54 到水下作業(yè)裝置關(guān)閉端口 CP線。如此高的壓力從而驅(qū)動活塞 P 運(yùn)動到圖 1 所示的位置，使液體通過開啟端口 OP 線，沿著管道 55，通過 二位三通電磁換向閥 58，經(jīng)過換向 閥 58，再經(jīng)管道 60，最后經(jīng)輸送管道輸送 到液體儲存器 14 中。 當(dāng)上述設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)用來控制水下作業(yè)裝置時，電子控制系統(tǒng) 80，如來自 瓦勒構(gòu) .夏福爾 公司 的 MUX 控制系統(tǒng)，將會用來驅(qū)動 換向閥 56 置于如圖 1 所示的打開狀態(tài)，同時使 換向閥 58 置如圖 1 所示的排液狀態(tài)。 對于圖 2，一旦液壓控制系統(tǒng)使水下作業(yè)裝置處于關(guān)閉狀態(tài)時，液體儲存器 12 的液體容量將會很快下降，同時液體儲存器 14 中的液體容量將會很快上升。也就是說，直到活塞 20 通過排放管道完全與大氣接觸時，液體儲存器 14 中的液體將不在加壓。 一旦液壓控制系統(tǒng)被驅(qū)動置如圖 2 所示的位置時，電子控制系統(tǒng) 80 將會驅(qū)動電機(jī) 74 帶動液壓泵 72 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，這樣就會從液體儲存器 14 中抽取液流，被抽取的液流再經(jīng)過單向閥 70。因為液流具有水一樣的流動性，液流就會被液壓泵直接抽入海水中。同時，也是比較重要的是，液流將會重新補(bǔ)給到液體儲存器 12 中，這樣，大量的液壓流就會重新驅(qū)動水下作業(yè)裝置。同樣，液壓泵 30 是用來供應(yīng)液壓流的。通過管道 28 到液體儲存器 12 中去。活塞 16 上升，這樣按照設(shè)定量的液壓流重新被儲存在液體儲存器12 中，而當(dāng)活塞 20 運(yùn)動到最低位時，液壓泵 72 將不再繼續(xù)工作。這樣導(dǎo)致大量的液流被系統(tǒng) 10 再次的從水下作業(yè)裝置抽進(jìn)液體儲存器 14 中 去。 發(fā)明的另外一種系統(tǒng)是從液壓泵 72 抽出的液體直接輸送到液體儲存器 12 中活塞16 的下面部分，而不是直接將液流排入海水中。這種設(shè)計在控制系統(tǒng)工作之后，為儲存器 12 又提供一種供應(yīng)液流的所需來源。當(dāng)液流從儲存器 14 中被抽出去時，液壓泵在設(shè)計上要大于靜壓頭的壓力，使活塞上升，因此，需要一條液流供應(yīng)管道連接著儲存器12 來供應(yīng)液壓流，但是，這樣從裝置外面將會造成液流的泄漏。 在液壓控制系統(tǒng) 10 工作期間， MUX 系統(tǒng) 80 就會按照設(shè)計的那樣，驅(qū)動 換向閥 58 8 置流通狀態(tài)，然后液壓閥置排液狀態(tài)，如圖 2 所示。液壓流就會經(jīng)過減 壓閥 48，再經(jīng)管道 55 流到開啟端口 OP 線，然后使活塞 P 退回到如圖 1 所示的開啟位置。在水下作業(yè)裝置啟動期間，液流被排放到關(guān)閉端口 CP 線，經(jīng) 換向閥 56，通過管道 60 和 62，再經(jīng)輸送管道 44，最后流進(jìn)液體儲存器 14 中去。儲存器 14 中的液流被抽出，來驅(qū)動液壓泵 72 工作，同時，按照上面討論的，抽出來的液壓流通過連接儲存器 12 和液壓泵輸出端的供應(yīng)管道供應(yīng)給儲存器 12。 附件 2：外文原文 外文來源于 James ， Spring and Hubert ,Kongwood .SUBSEA HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM[P].US， US6192680B1， 20210227。 Unite d States Pate nt Brugman e t al. SUBSEA HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM Inventors: Jame s n,Spring。Hube rt ,Kongw ood。Mark A,Merit,Spring,all of TX （ US） Assignee: Varco Shaffe r, Inc.,Houston, TX （ US） Pate nt No.: US6192680B1 Date of Pate nt : 2021 0227 ABSTRACT: A subsea hydraulic control system 10 supplies hydraulic fluid to operate subsea equipment SE, w hich in exemplary app lication may be a blow out preventer having an opening port and a closing port. A hydraulic control system includes a fluid storage vessel 12 for storing a selected quantity of hydraulic fluid, and a separation me mber 16 separating subsea w ater from hydraul ic fluid w hile pressurizing the hydraulic fluid in response to the hydraulic head of the w ater. A fluid supply line 42 interconnects the fluid storage vessel and the subsea equipment, and a fluid exhaust line 44 interconnects the subsea equipment w ith a subsea hydraulic fluid reservoir vessel 14. A vent line 38 extends from the fluid reservoir vessel to the surface. A subsea pump periodically exhausts fluid from the fluid storage vessel to the w ater. The method of the invention provides reliable actuation o f subsea equipment, and is particularly w ell suited for operating subsea equipment in deep w ater at depth in excess of 6,000 feet . Ke yword： subse a hydra ulic control syste m 。 hydra ulic powe r source 。 fluid storage vesse l 。subse a e quipme nt。 hydraulic head of the wate r 9 SUBSEA HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydraulic control system for operating subsea equipment. 10 More particularly,this invention relates to a hydraulic control system for operating subsea equipment at relatively deep w ater depths of 6,000 feet or hydraulic control system is capable of supplying either an opening pressure or a closing pressure to the subsea equipment. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Those skilled in the hydrocarbon recovry industry recognize that an increasing percentage of hydrocarbons are being recovered from offshore w ells,including w ells w herein the subsea wellhead is located in very deep w ater of 6,000 feet or more below the ocean surface. Subsea blow out preventers (BOPs) and related production control equipment rely upon a source of pressurized fluid to actuate the subsea equipme nt. Much of this equipment must be actuatable in at least two directions and thus is operated by supplying a hydraulic fluid pressure to either “open” or “close” the equipment. A reliable hydraulic control system to operate the equipment is particularly important in emergency applications w herein the equipment must be autuated to either the closed or the opened position in an emergency. When subsea equipment is positioned in relatively shallow water of tw o thousand or three thousand feet, a reliable pressure source to operate the subsea equipment mo nly is provided by a bank of accumulator bottles(accumulators), w hich are conventionally precharged with nitrogen. Each accumulator is thus a sealed container w hich houses pressurized nitrogen, and a bank of such accumulators may be fluid interconnected to provide the pow er source for operating the subsea equipment. The nitrogen thus acts as an available spring force to operate the subsea equipment once hydraulic fluid under pressure is pumped into the acc umulators from an external source at the surface. Once the subsea accumulator are activated, additional hydraulic fluid is conventionally transmitted from the surface to the subsea accumulators through hose ambilicals or relatively small conduit fill lines . While the accumulator system as discussed above performs well on land operations, significant problems are encountered using this accumulator system at w ater depths of more than 6,000 feet. The nitrogen precharge pressure must be increased to overe t he effects of the control system. Nitrogen, like other gases, has a reduced expansion as the pressure to w hich it is subjected gets higher. Moreover, subsea equipment at 10,000 feet or more is inherently cool, and the bination of the cooled and high pre ssure nitrogen