基于單片機的智能尋跡小車設計(已修改)

　

【正文】 I基于單片機的智能小車設計摘 要本文介紹了基于 AT89S52 單片機的智能循跡小車的設計與實現，小車完成的主要功能是能夠自主識別黑色引導線根據黑色引導線的走向實現快速穩定的行駛，并且在前方出現障礙物時能夠發出報警信號。小車系統以 AT89S52 單片機為微控制處理器，采用TCRT5000 光電傳感器獲取路線信息，通過由 L298N 構成的驅動電路分別驅動兩個直流電機的正轉、反轉和停止，從而實現小車的循跡功能，當路線前方檢測到有障礙物時，小車能夠立即停止并報警，障礙物消除后，小車繼續循跡行駛。關鍵詞:單片機；自動尋跡；TCRT5000；L298N；IIThe Design of Intelligent Car Based on Singlechip MicroputerAbstractThis article introduces the design and execution of intelligent tracking main function of the car is tracking the black line to realize auto driving stably and sending alarm signal when obstacle appears. The intelligent tracking car takes AT89S52 singlechip microputer as main control processor. Using TCRT5000 singlebeam infrared photoelectric sensor for route information detection device，and L298N constant voltage constantcurrent bridge driver IC for car driving chip to drive two DC motors to forward, reverse and stop, so that the car can run by planned pathway stably. When there is an obstacle is detected in front of the car, the car will stop and send alarm obstacles removed, the car will continued to tracking the black line.Keywords: Singlechip microputer；Autotracking；TCRT5000；L298N driver ICIII目 錄1 緒論 ......................................................................1 智能小車的研究背景 .....................................................1 智能小車的自主循跡概述 .................................................1 設計的思路和要實現的功能 ...............................................12 系統總體方案和主要芯片介紹 ................................................2 系統總體方案 ...........................................................2 車體設計 ...........................................................2 系統結構框圖 .......................................................2 主要芯片介紹 ...........................................................3 STC89C52 簡介 ......................................................3 78L05 簡介 .........................................................5 TCRT5000 簡介 ......................................................6 L298N 簡介 .........................................................63 硬件設計與實現 ............................................................8 單片機主控電路 .........................................................8 單片機最小系統 .....................................................8 輸入輸出端口確定 ..................................................9 電源電路 ...............................................................9 路面檢測及蜂鳴器電路 ..................................................10 路面檢測電路 ......................................................10 蜂鳴器電路 ........................................................11 系統運動部分設計 ......................................................12 電機選型 ..........................................................12 驅動電路 ........................................