新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后練習(xí)答案-unit-4(已修改)

　

【正文】 Unit 4Reading 1Language points1 Work in corporate America (Title)Corporate America is a general term given to a large nongovernmentowned organization or pany in the United States, eg a bank, a marketing research pany etc. It has both positive and negative connotations. Positively, it means that a pany or an organization produces wealth and improves people’s living standards in a free market and petitive society by people working together to achieve the goals. This mainly refers to financial gains and success. Negatively, it seems to indicate the promotion of selfinterest, financial gains, greed and irresponsibility in the workplace.2 It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when ... (Para 1)To look blank means that modern children show no sign of understanding or emotion about the corporate workplace, they seem unresponsive and have blank looks.Someone who is dispirited does not have the hope, enthusiasm or interest that they had earlier。 they are in low spirits or downhearted.3 The parent could take his offspring to his place of business and let him watch while he repaired a buggy or built a table. (Para 2)A buggy is a vehicle used for babies and toddlers by carers (parents, grandparents and adults in caring professions), to push them around. It is also called a pushchair. In the US, it is called a stroller.4 When a child asked … his father could answer in terms that a child could e to grips with, such as “I fix steam engines” or “I make horse collars”. (Para 3)The expression e to grips with normally means to face up to a problem, situation or difficult job and deal with it. Here, it means that someone gets to understand something that is difficult or unpleasant. It has the similar meaning as to e to terms with, tackle, handle, manage etc.Horse collars are made of leather and fit around animals’ necks to allow them to pull heavy things. When horses are used to pull carts or carriages they wear horse collars. Here, in corporate America, this is a deliberate image of something very oldfashioned, just like steam engines.5 How can he possibly envision anyone analyzing a system or researching a market? (Para 5)The word envision is a verb which means to show a visual scene in your mind, to imagine something that is outside your experience, which has not happened or does not exist.6 Even grown men … and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as baffled about what a space salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools needed to analyze a system. (Para 6)The expression it is a safe bet means that the speaker or writer is sure about something (they would be willing to risk money to confirm it).A space salesman deals with the arrangements for the use of space in offices and other places: How many rooms might be needed for what purposes, what sorts of work people do in particular offices and how the office furniture and equipment can best be arranged for the maximum effectiveness, how much it costs to rent or use office acmodation in different parts of a city ... But probably, a space salesman mainly deals with people who want to rent office space.In this sentence the writer is saying he is quite sure that neither the systems analyst nor the space salesman knows about each other’s work and what they actually do.7 The machines that make things make them in such a fashion that they will quickly fall apart in such a way that repairs will be prohibitively expensive. (Para 7)The expression in such a fashion means in a particular way or manner.The cost is prohibitively expensive when it prevents you from buying something, as it is beyond the limits of what you can afford. Or, we may say the cost is prohibitive.The sentence means that the machines make things in such a way that they will break or fall into pieces so that they can’t be cheaply repaired. It is implied that the things are made to be shortlasting so that the manufacturers can sell more later.8 The handful of people remotely associated with these machines can, of course, tell their inquisitive children “Daddy makes junk”. (Para 8)Inquisitive children are those who like to ask lots of questions, especially things that adults do not want to talk about.9 Most of the workforce, however, is too remote from junk production to sense any contribution to the industry. (Para8)The sentence means most workers are distant from the process of junk production so they do not feel that their work has any part in it.10 Others telephone to ascertain the whereabouts of paper. (Para 12)The expression ascertain the whereabouts of something means to find out where something is.11 Back at the office, the father orders the paper retyped and reproduced in quintuplicate, and then sent to another man for parison with paper that was reproduced in triplicate last year. (Para 16) The word quintuplicate means that something is made into five copies. To quadruplicate means to make into four copies。 triplicate three copies。 and duplicate two copies.Dealing with unfam