氧化鉍氧化鈦納米管復(fù)合材料的制備及其表征畢業(yè)論文(已修改)

　

【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）題 目： Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的制備與表征Bi2O3/ TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的制備與表征摘 要納米二氧化鈦是一種性能優(yōu)異，廣泛用于環(huán)境保護(hù)的光催化劑，但由于其帶隙較寬（ ），只能被波長較短的紫外線激發(fā)，故對太陽能的利用率較低；而且，由于光生電子與空穴的復(fù)合，導(dǎo)致其光量子效率降低。半導(dǎo)體復(fù)合是克服上述不足的一種良好納米二氧化鈦改性方法。本論文以二氧化鈦粉體為前驅(qū)體，以 10mol/L 的 NaOH 溶液為強(qiáng)堿介質(zhì)，采用水熱法合成二氧化鈦納米管。采用 XRD、TEM 對樣品進(jìn)行表征，初步分析了二氧化鈦納米管的形成過程及機(jī)理。采用化學(xué)沉積鍛燒法制備了Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料，并用 XRD、TEM、UVvis 、熒光光譜對其物相、形貌、光譜特性進(jìn)行表征。實驗結(jié)果表明，隨著 Bi2O3 負(fù)載量的增加，TiO 2 納米管中金紅石相含量增多。當(dāng) Bi2O3 含量為 %時，可以獲得牢固附著在 TiO2納米管表面，粒徑約 3nm，高度分散的 Bi2O3 納米粒子。Bi 2O3 抑制了 TiO2 納米管光生電子和空穴的復(fù)合，降低了 TiO2 納米管的熒光強(qiáng)度。 UVvis 分析結(jié)果表明，負(fù)載 1%的 Bi2O3 后，TiO 2 納米管的吸收峰從 380nm 移至 400nm，增強(qiáng)了 TiO2 納米管對可見光的吸收。關(guān)鍵詞：TiO 2 納米管 ；復(fù)合半導(dǎo)體；光電效應(yīng)；光催化性能 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNTHESIS OF BISMUTH DIOXIDE TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOTUBE COMPOSITESABSTRACTTitanium dioxide is an excellent photocatalyst which has widely used in environmental protection. However, it can only be excited by ultraviolet due to its wide bandgap ( eV). And the high rebination rate of photogenerated electron/hole pairs of TiO2 results in lower light quantum efficiency. Combination with other semiconductor on titanium dioxide is a good method to overe those shortings mentioned above. In the present thesis, TiO2 nanotubes were prepared via a hydrothermal approach using TiO2 powder as raw materials and 10 M NaOH solution as alkaline medium. XRD and TEM were applied to characterize TiO2 nanotubes. The formation mechanism of TiO2 nanotubes was discussed. A chemical depositioncalcination approach was proposed to fabricate Bi2O3/TiO2NTs posites with TiO2NTs prepared via a hydrothermal method as substrates. The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, PL, and UVvis. It was found that Bi2O3 nanoparticles with sizes of 3nm were highly and tightly dispersed on the surface of TiO2NTs when the content of Bi was at. %. Combination of Bi2O3 could effectively prohibit the rebination photogenerated electron/hole pairs. The absorption edge of TiO2NTs shifts from 380 nm to 400 nm when at. % Bi2O3 was bined.Key words: TiO2 nanotube； synthesis semiconductor； photoelectronic action； photocatalytic activity.目 錄1 緒論..............................................................................................................................1 課題研究的目的和意義....................................................................................1 納米材料及其性能...........................................................................................2 表面與界面效應(yīng)....................................................................................3 小尺寸效應(yīng)............................................................................................3 量子尺寸效應(yīng)........................................................................................3 宏觀量子隧道效應(yīng)................................................................................3 TiO2 納米材料的制備、改性與應(yīng)用 ...............................................................4 TiO2 納米材料的制備 ............................................................................4 TiO2 納米材料的改性 ............................................................................7 TiO2 納米材料的應(yīng)用 ............................................................................7 TiO2 納米管的光催化特性 ...............................................................................9 TiO2 納米管光催化劑三種改性 .....................................................................10 貴金屬沉積..........................................................................................12 離子摻雜..............................................................................................12 復(fù)合半導(dǎo)體..........................................................................................12 本課題研究的目的和意義.............................................................................132 實驗部分....................................................................................................................12 TiO2 納米管的制備 .........................................................................................14 實驗試劑和儀器..................................................................................14 實驗過程..............................................................................................14 Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的制備 .................................................................15 實驗試劑和儀器..................................................................................15 實驗過程..............................................................................................16 表征分析手段...................................................................................................17 X射線衍射（XRD）分析 ..................................................................17 透射電鏡（TEM）分析 .....................................................................18 紫外可見光漫反射吸收光譜（UVvis）分析 ................................19 熒光光譜（PL）分析 .........................................................................193 結(jié)果與討論................................................................................................................21 水熱法制備 TiO2 納米管的表征 .....................................................................21 水熱法制備 TiO2 納米管的物相 ..........................................................21 水熱法制備 TiO2 納米管的形貌分析 ..................................................25 TiO2 納米管的形成機(jī)理 ........................................................................26 Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的表征 .................................................................28 Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的物相 ......................................................28 Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的形貌分析 ..............................................20 Bi2O3/TiO2 納米管復(fù)合材料的形成機(jī)理 ..............................................31 紫外可見光漫反射（UVvis）分析 .............................................................32 熒光光譜（PL）分析 ......................................................................................334 結(jié)論............................................................