ca6140普通車床數控化改造課程設計畢業論文(已修改)

　

【正文】 日期：2012年05月20日 畢業設計 題 目 CA6140普通車床數控化改造保存期限：三年 保存部門：專業教研室目 錄摘要 …………………………………………………………………………………………2Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………………3緒論 …………………………………………………………………………………………41 CA6140車床微機數控系統總體設計方案的擬訂…………………………………6 總體方案確定 ………………………………………………………………… 6 設計X—Y數控工作臺及其控制系統 …………………………………………72 CA6140車床進給伺服系統機械部分設計計算 ……………………………………7 脈沖當量的選擇 …………………………………………………………………8 切削力的計算 ……………………………………………………………………8 滾珠絲杠螺母副的計算和選型 …………………………………………………9 齒輪傳動比的計算………………………………………………………………17 步進電機的計算與選型…………………………………………………………18 微機數控系統設計的內容………………………………………………………26 80C51單片機及其擴展………………………………………………………..263 數控機床的零件程序………………………………………………………………… 34 心得與體會………………………………………………………………………………… 36總結…………………………………………………………………………………………37 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………………38致謝…………………………………………………………………………………………39 摘 要：針對現有常規CA6140普遍車床的缺點提出數控改裝方案和單片機系統設計，提高加工精度和擴大機床使用范圍，并提高生產率。本論文說明了普通車床的數控化改造的設計過程，較詳盡地介紹了CA6140機械改造部分的設計及數控系統部分的設計。采用以8031為CPU的控制系統對信號進行處理，由I/O接口輸出步進脈沖，經一級齒輪傳動減速后，帶動滾動絲杠轉動，從而實現縱向、橫向的進給運動。 結合我國實際國情，經濟型數控車床是我國從普通車床向數控車床發展的及其重要的臺階。利用現有的普通車床，對其進行數控化改造是一條低成本，高效益的途徑。數控車床作為機電一體化的典型產品，在機械制造業中發揮著巨大的作用，很好地解決了現代機械制造中結構復雜、精密、批量小、多變零件的加工問題，且能穩定產品的加工質量，大幅度地提高生產效率。我國作為機床大國，數控機床的占有率還不足百分之三，但是在歐美等發達國家數控機床的占有率達到了百分之三十六以上，單從數字上來看我過和歐美等發達國家還有相當大的距離。其主要原因為數控車床價格較貴，一次性投資較大使企業心有余而力不足。對普通機床數控化改造不失為一種較好的良策。在金屬加工行業中車床在所有加工設備中占有最大比重，例如最常見的軸類零件，就是由車床加工而成本論文針對目前國內企業現狀，以CA6140普通車床為例提出簡易型經濟數控改造思路和設計方法。關鍵詞：數控機床， 單片機數控系統，改裝設計，CA6140 伺服電機 傳動系統 控制系統 電氣控制線路 經濟實惠 數控改造， NC overview of the application [Abstract] To remedy the defects of ordinary lather CA6140, a design of data processing system and its single chip microputer system program is put forward to raise the processing precision and extend the machine’s usage, and to improve production rate。This paper presents the process of designing numerical control reform，and explicitly introduces the design of mechanical and numerical control system reforms。We adopt control system which has 8031 as cpu to cope with the signal，and output the step pulse through the I/O interface。After transmitting and slowing down by force 1 gear, the step pulses drive the leading screw to roll。Thus achieve the vertical movement and the crosswise movement。 Keyword numerical control machine tool, single chip microputer systemChina39。s actual conditions and economic CNC lathe is from the ordinary to the lathe and NC lathe important development of existing ordinary lathe, NC transformation is its low cost and highly efficient lathe as a typical electromechanical integration products, machinery manufacturing plays an enormous role,good solution to the structural plexity of modern machinery, precision, small batches, changeable parts processing,able to stabilize the quality of the processing products, a significant increase in production the big machine, CNC machine tools was less than % , in Europe and the United States and other developed countries to achieve the 36% share of the CNC machine moreI can see from the figures over Europe and the United States and other developed countries there is still a considerable main reason for the higher prices of CNC lathe, a onetime investment to fill larger transformation of the ordinary would be a better in the metal processing industry accounts for the largest proportion of all processing equipment, for example, the most mon from the machining cost is the present status of domestic CA6140 made to the general economic NC lathe ideas and design methods.Essential character numerical control machine tool, single chip microputer system，reform design，The CA6140 servo electrical machinery transmission system control system electricity control line economical numerical control changes 緒 論隨著社會生產和科學技術的迅速發展，機械產品日趨精密復雜，且需頻繁改型，普通機床已不能適應這些要求，數控機床應運而生。這種新型機床具有適應性強、加工精度高、加工質量穩定和生產效率高等優點。它綜合應用了電子計算機、自動控制、