七年級(jí)英語寒假專題——閱讀訓(xùn)練如何提高英語閱讀能-wenkub

　

【正文】 r Perkin bought a new, bright yellow Beta 400s. He was satisfied with it, and drove to work in it the very next day. He was even more satisfied with his new car, when he saw all the other Beta 400s, in front, behind, and on both sides of him. Mr Perkin parked(停車 ) his car in a big carpark(停車場(chǎng) ) near his office, and walked the rest of the way. But when he came back at five o39。s foolish to have one39。s shop was worse than the old one D. the old barber39。s shop before 3. After Jack had his hair cut, he thought ____. A. the new barber39。s shop today.” means ____. A. this barber39。t cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So you know he can39。s shop next time: look at all the barber39。s shop today, because I wasn39。 通過自己的努力獲得的飛快的閱讀速度，會(huì)使自己在英語閱讀時(shí)得到巨大的享受，希望大家也能達(dá)到這一步，共同享受閱讀的快樂。可以說我的閱讀速度的提高過程是不知不覺的。看一篇文章的時(shí)候，注意不要逐字逐字地看，或是一句句的看，要把兩個(gè)或三個(gè)句子連起來，一氣呵成，把它們看完，形成這種能力的關(guān)鍵，就是要加寬自己閱讀時(shí)的視幅，這個(gè)能力的形成要 下很大的苦功，送大家一句話吧：勤與不畏難是關(guān)鍵。 用英語的方式思維。 注意力高度集中。以下我將根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，列出幾點(diǎn)提高閱讀速度的方法。所以要提高閱讀水平，我們就得學(xué)會(huì)積累詞語。接著的每一段的第一句也很重要，因?yàn)槊慷蔚牡谝痪鋵?shí)際上多半是每段的主題句，然后進(jìn)行陳述或論述，逐步展開，給予例證，最后把該段內(nèi)容用一句話來小結(jié)，所以每段的最后一個(gè)句子常常是該段的結(jié)論句，而整篇文章的最后一句就往往是這篇文章的結(jié)論或作者寫這篇文章的用 意所在。 整體理解 我們常有這樣 的情況：句子都能看懂，但讀完文章印象卻不深，這就牽涉到對(duì)文章框架結(jié)構(gòu)的整體理解。快速閱讀時(shí)綜合運(yùn)用閱讀技巧，在快速閱讀時(shí)通過邏輯思維，獲取盡可能多的信息。 細(xì)讀 (closereading) 指學(xué)生在對(duì)全文有個(gè)整體印象的前提下所進(jìn)行的深入細(xì)致的閱讀，要求了解各段落的主要意思和文章的細(xì)節(jié)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出新的問題或觀點(diǎn)，發(fā)展學(xué)生的思維能力。 （四） 、讀所有是英語的東西。 據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，把以前的中學(xué)六年的英語教科書的課文內(nèi)容全部相加總量不過是一張日?qǐng)?bào)一面的量，這些語言量不管怎么讀，也是不可能掌握一門語言的，所以現(xiàn)在新的英語教學(xué)大綱要求初中畢業(yè)生的英語閱讀量為 30 萬單詞，高中畢業(yè)的量為 60 萬單詞，從教學(xué)措施上保證學(xué)生必須達(dá)到這個(gè)閱讀量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因?yàn)?我們?cè)趯W(xué)校讀的英語課本實(shí)質(zhì)上僅僅是精讀，因此我們要補(bǔ)充的應(yīng)是泛瀆，讀什么呢？ （一）、選一本你感興趣，且翻最初幾頁(yè)你不查詞典也能看懂的英語書，開始可選一些簡(jiǎn)易或縮寫的讀物，然后可選一些原著。這就要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的分析與判斷。 從全國(guó)各地中考英語試題的設(shè)計(jì)去分析，涉及閱讀技巧和語篇能力方面的考點(diǎn)主要有：理解主旨大意與細(xì)節(jié)、根據(jù)上下文線索猜測(cè)生詞詞義、識(shí)別具體事實(shí)和抽象概念、把握全篇的結(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系、理解文章的字面意思與深層含義、理解圖表信息等。其外在的表現(xiàn)是，學(xué)生參加英語考試時(shí)經(jīng)常在閱讀理解和完形填空等題中失分過多。以中、高考英語試題為例，閱讀理解題在試題中所占的比重最大，同時(shí)聽力、完形填空、書面表達(dá)、單項(xiàng)填空等題型的答題效果也直接或間接地依賴于閱讀能力。如完形填空，也叫缺詞閱讀，如果學(xué)生不能讀懂短文的大意，就無法正確地填上所缺的單詞。 從提高英語閱讀能力的途徑看，學(xué)生的閱讀訓(xùn)練與學(xué)習(xí)主要有兩類：一類以開闊視野、欣賞鑒析為主；另一類是以閱讀策略為主要目的的專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練。這方面的訓(xùn)練必須通過學(xué)生獨(dú)立自主的閱讀和有針對(duì)性的解題實(shí)踐，才能使他們養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習(xí)慣，提高閱讀理解能力。而閱讀理解題更是越來越多地檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)文章的隱含意義、邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)等的理解和對(duì)主旨大意的概括，例如推斷作者的寫作態(tài)度和意圖、猜測(cè)生詞的詞義、確立文章的主題等，這些問題的答案多數(shù)隱藏在文章的脈絡(luò)之中，學(xué)生通常無法直接從字面意思中獲得，必須開動(dòng)腦筋、激活思維。 （二）、訂一份英語報(bào)紙，報(bào)紙的詞匯量很大，涉及各個(gè)方面，對(duì)擴(kuò)大詞匯量，獲取信息很有幫助。如：我們?cè)诳磮?bào)紙時(shí)常看到外資公司用英語寫的招聘廣告，在吃時(shí)包裝上的英語說明、走進(jìn)賓館時(shí)所見到的英語告示……，實(shí)際上英語已滲透到我們生活的每個(gè)角落，要是你有心的話，你可隨時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)。 當(dāng)然，不同的閱讀方式應(yīng)有不同的時(shí)間限制和閱讀速度，并要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成一定的閱讀任務(wù)，但教師最終的任務(wù)是除了能讓學(xué)生鞏固和表達(dá)閱讀內(nèi)容外，更主要的是要讓學(xué)生利用已有的知識(shí)，完成一定的交際任務(wù)，或表達(dá)出自己的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。在整個(gè)快速閱讀過程中，要高度集中思想，讓大腦處于高度興奮狀態(tài)中。如何學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)文章的整體理解呢？首先，要重視文章的題目和文章的首句。所以我們?cè)陂喿x文章時(shí)要養(yǎng)成這樣一個(gè)習(xí)慣：見了文章的題目，要停頓一下，想一想，如果讓你寫這篇文章將如何寫，或猜一猜，這篇文章大概寫什么，然后你會(huì)饒有興趣地讀下去。我們不妨這么做：在通讀全文后看第二遍，遇到生詞盡可能根據(jù)上下文來猜，仍猜不出意思的，就把這些生字查好詞典，然后抄寫在一本可隨身攜帶的小本子上。 多背單詞。看一篇文章的時(shí)候，要撇開其他的私心雜念，做到心無旁騖，也就是說要把自己思想融入自己在看的文章之中。看英語文章的時(shí)候，有些同學(xué)要把看到的東西先暗暗轉(zhuǎn)譯成中文才能理解，這說明他們的閱讀能力還沒有產(chǎn)生質(zhì)的飛躍。 進(jìn)行大量的閱讀。舉個(gè)例子，我一度連續(xù)半年保持每天 810 篇英文散文或文論的閱讀量，這樣堅(jiān)持下來，閱讀的速度就上來了。 【 模擬試題 】 （一） At the Barber39。t quite satisfied with my old one, but this one seems even worse.” Bob agreed(同意 ). “Yes, I think you39。s hair, find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him.” “Why shall I go to him?” Jack asked. “But that would be foolish!” “Oh, no, it wouldn39。t be the worst barber.” 1. When Jack went out of the barber39。s shop was a new one B. this was the only barber39。s shop was the best one B. the old barber39。s shop was the worst one 4. Bob told Jack to find out which barber39。s hair cut at a barber39。clock, there were so many bright yellow Beta 400s in the carpark that he did not know which car was his. He tried his key in some of the cars, but people passing by gave him a look he didn39。s palace C. have his pictures painted in the king39。t changed a bit.” 1. Mr Hill ____. A. has just e back from the airport B. is on his way to Paris C. spent three weeks in Paris before he went to France D. has been in France for three weeks 2. Mr Hill ____. A. has a beard on his face but not in his photo B. grew a beard while he was on holiday C. has a beard in his photo but not on his face D. took his beard off long before he went on holiday 3. The first officer is sure ____. A. Mr Hill stole the painting B. he has seen the face in the photo before C. he knows the second officer39。s too hot for an old man like you to walk today,” So the farmer got up behind his son, and they rode on. Some time later, a young woman passed them, “Why aren39。s young son C. that it was not far to the market D. for the horse （七） I Want to Be a Dustman Tom was ten years old, and he was a very lazy boy, He didn39。t like to work. C. Tom was a boy who worked very hard. 2. What were his father and mother? A. His father was a doctor and his mother was a nurse. B. His father was a worker, his mother was a doctor. C. His father was a doctor, so his mother. 3. What did his parents want him to be when he grew up? A. They wanted him to be a dustman. B. They wanted him to be an officer. C. They wanted him to be a doctor. 4. What did Tom say he wanted to be? A. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who collected rubbish and emptied the dustbins. B. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who taught the children at school. C. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who worked in a hospital. 5. Why did Tom think that dustmen only worked one day a week? A. Because Tom hear