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【正文】 , intelligent management and process control fields, roughly divided into the following several areas:1. In the application of Intelligent InstrumentsSCM has a small size, low power consumption, controlling function, expansion flexibility, the advantages of miniaturization and ease of use, widely used instrument, bining different types of sensors can be realized Zhuru voltage, power, frequency, humidity, temperature, flow, speed, thickness, angle, length, hardness, elemental, physical pressure measurement. SCM makes use of digital instruments, intelligence, miniaturization, and functionality than electronic or digital circuits more powerful. Such as precision measuring equipment (power meter, oscilloscope, various analytical instrument).2. In the industrial control applicationWith the MCU can constitute a variety of control systems, data acquisition system. Such as factory assembly line of intelligent control3. In Household Appliancescan be said that the appliances are basically using SCM, praise from the electric rice, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, color TV, and other audio video equipment, to the electronic weighing equipment, varied, and omnipresent. 4. In the field of puter networks and munications applications MCU general with modern munication interface, can be easy with the puter data munication, networking and munications in puter applications between devices had excellent material conditions, are basically all munication equipment to achieve a controlled by MCU from mobile phone, telephone, miniprogramcontrolled switchboards, building automated munications call system, train radio munication, to the daily work can be seen everywhere in the mobile phones, trunked mobile radio, walkietalkies, etc..5. Microputer in the field of medical device applicationsSCM in the use of medical devices is also quite extensive, such as medical respirator, the various analyzers, monitors, ultrasound diagnostic equipment and hospital beds, etc. call system. 6. In a variety of major appliances in the modular applications Designed to achieve some special single specific function to be modular in a variety of circuit applications, without requiring the use of personnel to understand its internal structure. If music integrated single chip, seemingly simple function, miniature electronic chip in the net (the principle is different from the tape machine), you need a puter similar to the principle of the plex. Such as: music signal to digital form stored in memory (like ROM), read by the microcontroller, analog music into electrical signals (similar to the sound card). In large circuits, modular applications that greatly reduce the volume, simplifies the circuit and reduce the damage, error rate, but also easy to replace. 7. Microcontroller in the application field of automotive equipment SCM in automotive electronics is widely used, such as a vehicle engine controller, CAN busbased Intelligent Electronic Control Engine, GPS navigation system, abs antilock braking system, brake system, etc.. In addition, the MCU in business, finance, research, education, national defense, aerospace and other fields has a very wide range of applications.MCU learning an important part of the five applications 1, Bus: We know that a circuit is always made by the devices connected by wires, in analog circuits, the connection does not bee a problem because the device is a serial relationship between the general, the device is not much connection between the , but the puter is not the same circuit, it is a microprocessor core, the device must be connected with the microprocessor, the device must be coordination between, so they need to connect on a lot, as if still analog circuit like the microprocessor and devices in the connection between the individual, the number of lines will be a little more surprising, therefore the introduction of the microprocessor bus Zhong Each device Gongtong access connections, all devices 8 Shuju line all received eight public online, that is the equivalent of all devices together in parallel, but only this does not work, if there are two devices send data at the same time, a 0, a 1, then, whether the receiver received what is it? This situation is not allowed, so to be controlled by controlling the line, timesharing the device to work at any time only one device to send data (which can have multiple devices to receive both). Device39。139。no39。s instructions, and when the MCU execution to the instruction, the also make into a high, but users will not do so because this is usually will cause the system to collapse.Fourth, the program39。this unit , and in 0000 39。 PUSH 39。s habit. When set up the stack zone, does not mean that the region bee a special memory, it can still use the same memory region as normal, but generally the programmer does not regard it as an ordinary memory used.