【英語】高二英語閱讀理解各地方試卷集合匯編含解析(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 ”可能是因為嗅覺相同的人更容易去相似的環境，可知，有相同嗅覺基因的人更容易被吸引去相似的環境中。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area39。s history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists. With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem. Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has bee an annual publichealth emergency despite government vows to solve the problem. Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets. New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coalbased power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world39。s most polluted city. The city39。s air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.（1）Which of the following is NOT true? is one of the most important festivals in India. government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution. a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis. index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.（2）Who may not plain about the serious air pollution? parents whose children have to stay at home. pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed. manufacturers who produce antipollution masks. officials who have to work out of their offices.（3）Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5? out. up. in. on.（4）The title of the passage should be . Caused by the Development of New Delhi Pollution Envelops New Delhi Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，隨著城市的發展和越來越多的人口流動，城市規模的擴大，印度的新德里成為世界上污染最嚴重的城市。雖然政府發誓解決污染問題，但由于污染嚴重，整個新德里處于危險的污染中，人們必須戴防污口罩，冬天天氣寒冷污染物成霧霾，成為世界是污染最嚴重的城市。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has bee an annual publichealth emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空氣污染飆升至多年來最嚴重的水平，籠罩著這座城市的濃霧已成為年度公共衛生緊急事件，盡管政府誓言要解決這個問題；第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coalbased power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world39。s most polluted city.” 新德里每年都會被污染吞沒，隨著天氣變冷，汽車和以煤為基礎的發電廠排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飄動的灰塵，以及鄰國農作物秸稈燃燒產生的煙霧，都會形成濃霧。慶祝印度排燈節的煙花爆竹隨后到達，使德里現在成為世界上污染最嚴重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在學校、學院、醫院和市場上分發了數以百萬計的防污口罩。可知，政府盡管發誓解決這種污染，但情況不僅沒有改變，反而更加嚴重，使得人們必須佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判斷出政府幾乎沒有保護其公民免受嚴重污染。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期間，由于能見度低，數百架航班被迫改道、延誤和取消，學校和辦公室周一關閉，官員們緊急采取措施，試圖扭轉不斷惡化的空氣質量。學校、大學、醫院和市場分發了數百萬個防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染嚴重，學校、大學、醫院和市場分發了數百萬個防污染口罩。所以生產防污染口罩的廠家要加大生產 ，是不會抱怨的，故選C。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coalbased power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是說新德里每年都籠罩在污染中。因為天氣變冷，從汽車和以煤為基礎的發電廠“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的霧霾。根據常識可知，汽車和用煤發電的發電廠會“排放或釋放”污染物的。由此可判斷“emitted”是排放的意思。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文敘述了隨著城市的發展和越來越多的人口流動，城市規模的擴大，印度的新德里成為世界上污染最嚴重的城市。雖然政府發誓解決污染問題，但周末的能見度低，數百架航班在周末改道、延誤和取消，學校和辦公室周一關閉，人們必須戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被嚴重的污染所籠罩。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是環保類閱讀，考生需要根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range. Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe fortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body. The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:（1）Which of the following is TRUE? intensity can be reflected by a person39。s heart rate. faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is. exercise will definitely present a threat to people39。s safety. target exercise heart rate range for a 45yearold is 90–149 BPM.（2）A 34yearold man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.A.You are doing fine.B.You can run faster.C.You should slow down a bit.D.You should drink some water.（3）What is the purpose of this passage?