八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself. 11. She asked in 。【解析】in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 →surprised adj. 吃驚的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對(duì)……感到吃驚To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12. “ I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and fortable home.” I replied. “對(duì)不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！?我回答說?！窘馕?】need v 需要用于肯定句，是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。(1)人做主語，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要(2)need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會(huì)的用must,否定回答用needn’t — Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物 I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the other students. ⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home. ⑶ v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進(jìn)來”】borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用）【指借一段時(shí)間】16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕?！窘馕觥縯ry (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 試穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】 (3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動(dòng)作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。 She hates smoking in her room. I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請(qǐng)求你幫我做些雜活嗎？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 請(qǐng)求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人請(qǐng)求幫助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請(qǐng)求某人做某事ask構(gòu)成的短語：短語含義ask sb. to do sth請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 尋求幫助’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時(shí)候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj. “在……期間； 當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”While 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ縣elp v 幫助 → helpful adj. 有幫助的(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友們來聚會(huì)嗎？【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請(qǐng)(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事(2)invite sb. to +地點(diǎn) 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地 don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep. don’t have time to study and do housework，too. 他們也沒有時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。【解析】have time to do have time =be free 有空23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時(shí)間?！窘馕觥縜 waste of 浪費(fèi) a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 a waste of money 浪費(fèi)金錢waste v “浪費(fèi)” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢Don’t ____waste______water. Can’t you see the sign “save water”? should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 為了取得好成績(jī)并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上。【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花費(fèi)...... spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費(fèi),主語是人 ◆ sb.+ spend +時(shí)間/錢+on sth ◆sb. +spend +時(shí)間/錢+（in） doing sth◆spend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the puter games. Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人 ◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. — How much did you __pay__ for this puter? — Five hundred dollars.(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事 ◆sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢 A new puter costs me a lot of money. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)take→took → taken v 花費(fèi)◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動(dòng)詞原形。 in order to do sth 為了做某事He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 進(jìn)入【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語：get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into進(jìn)入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車get on well with get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖get ready for +…做準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do get well康復(fù) get a chance 有機(jī)會(huì)、得到機(jī)會(huì)get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) ,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now. 而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時(shí)候，他們也將會(huì)做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢et older 長大 get/ bee/ go辨析：⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級(jí)連用。 The days are getting longer and longer.⑵ bee 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It39。s being colder and colder.⑶go+adj.39。39。表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓26. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and fortable environment at home for their children. 在家為孩子們提供一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。【解析】provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介詞用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需