typeiilearningisintendedtoreducepossibilitiesoftransmission(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 earch, including randomized controlled trials, evaluating the impact of imaging on clinical outes and costs is needed.Article OutlineMethods Data sources and searchesStudy selectionData extraction and quality assessmentData synthesis and analysisResults Selected guidelinesGeneral findings among the remendationsCT calcium scoringElectrocardiography and exercise tolerance testingMyocardial perfusion imagingCT angiography and MR angiographyStress echocardiographyDiscussionConclusionsReferencesPurchase$ 107Human resources for health in southeast Asia: shortages, distributional challenges, and international trade in health servicesReview ArticleThe Lancet, Volume 377, Issue 9767, 26 February 20114 March 2011, Pages 769781Churnrurtai Kanchanachitra, Magnus Lindelow, Timothy Johnston, Piya Hanvoravongchai, Fely Marilyn Lorenzo, Nguyen Lan Huong, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Jennifer Frances dela RosaClose preview| Supplementary content| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences SummaryIn this paper, we address the issues of shortage and maldistribution of health personnel in southeast Asia in the context of the international trade in health services. Although there is no shortage of health workers in the region overall, when analysed separately, five lowine countries have some deficit. All countries in southeast Asia face problems of maldistribution of health workers, and rural areas are often understaffed. Despite a high capacity for medical and nursing training in both public and private facilities, there is weak coordination between production of health workers and capacity for employment. Regional experiences and policy responses to address these challenges can be used to inform future policy in the region and elsewhere. A distinctive feature of southeast Asia is its engagement in international trade in health services. Singapore and Malaysia import health workers to meet domestic demand and to provide services to international patients. Thailand attracts many foreign patients for health services. This situation has resulted in the socalled brain drain of highly specialised staff from public medical schools to the private hospitals. The Philippines and Indonesia are the main exporters of doctors and nurses in the region. Agreements about mutual recognition of professional qualifications for three groups of health workers under the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Framework Agreement on Services could result in increased movement within the region in the future. To ensure that vital human resources for health are available to meet the needs of the populations that they serve, migration management and retention strategies need to be integrated into ongoing efforts to strengthen health systems in southeast Asia. There is also a need for improved dialogue between the health and trade sectors on how to balance economic opportunities associated with trade in health services with domestic health needs and equity issues.Article OutlineIntroductionData and methodsOutstanding challenges: shortages and maldistribution The stock of human resources for healthProduction and employmentInequality in distribution of the health workforceTrade in health services An overview of trade in health services in southeast AsiaMedical tourismExport of doctors and nursesDiscussionSearch strategy and selection criteriaAcknowledgementsWeb Extra MaterialReferencesPurchase$ 108Importance of algae oil as a source of biodieselOriginal Research ArticleEnergy Conversion and Management, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 163170Ayhan Demirbas, M. Fatih DemirbasClose preview| PDF (275 K) | Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences AbstractAlgae are the fastestgrowing plants in the world. Industrial reactors for algal culture are open ponds, photobioreactors and closed systems. Algae are very important as a biomass source. Algae will some day be petitive as a source for biofuel. Different species of algae may be better suited for different types of fuel. Algae can be grown almost anywhere, even on sewage or salt water, and does not require fertile land or food crops, and processing requires less energy than the algae provides. Algae can be a replacement for oil based fuels, one that is more effective and has no disadvantages. Algae are among the fastestgrowing plants in the world, and about 50% of their weight is oil. This lipid oil can be used to make biodiesel for cars, trucks, and airplanes. Microalgae have much faster growthrates than terrestrial crops. the per unit area yield of oil from algae is estimated to be from 20,000 to 80,000l per acre, per year。 this is 7–31 times greater than the next best crop, palm oil. The lipid and fatty acid contents of microalgae vary in accordance with culture conditions. Most current research on