大學英語(1)課后練習答案與部分課文譯文(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 A. have solved B. have been solving C. have to solve D. have to be solved 正確答案：D答案講解：分析句子結構，主語such problems和謂語solve之間是被動關系，所以答案應選D。“主語+ have to + be +.”的意思是“不得不被……”。句子的意思是：“這樣的問題不得不盡快解決。” Her application for the position ____________ by the boss. A. was refusedB. was refusingC. refusedD. is refusing 正確答案：A答案講解：分析句子結構，主語her application for the position和謂語refuse之間是被動關系，所以答案應選A。句子的意思是：“她申請那個職位被老板拒絕了。” 7 The event ____________ at the time last year. A. happens B. happened C. is happened D. was happened 正確答案：B答案講解：動詞happen是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態；時間狀語at the time last year表明這件事發生在過去，應該用一般過去時，所以答案為B。句子的意思是：“這件事發生在去年的這個時候。” 8 Much ____________ in the past few years. A. has done B. Did C. has been done D. was done 正確答案：C答案講解：主語much和動詞do之間是被動關系，時間狀語in the past few years是現在完成時的一個標志，所以正確答案是C。句子的意思是：“在過去的幾年中完成了很多事情。” Because of the rainy day, the match ____________ A. has been putting off B. has put off C. put off D. has been put off 正確答案：D答案講解：主語the match和謂語put off之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，所以答案為D。句子的意思是：“由于下雨，比賽被推遲了。” Working hours in the United States ____________over the past 20 years. A. have increased B. increased C. were increasing D. have been increased 正確答案：A答案講解：increase在句中表示一種狀態而不是動作，所以不能用被動語態；根據時間狀語over the past 20 years，可知本句應用現在完成時，表示過去發生的事情對現在的影響，所以答案為A。句子的意思是：“在美國過去的20年中，工作時間增加了。” 1Since puters were invented, it ____________ that they are indispensable for scientific research. A. thought B. has been thought C. is thinking D. had thought 正確答案：B答案講解：it在句中作形式主語，句子真正的主語是that引導的從句，而且it和think是被動關系，應用被動語態，所以應選B。句子的意思是：“自從計算機發明以來，人們就認為它們對科學研究而言是必不可少的。” 1He was told that after he graduated he ____________ by a pany. A. would be employed B. would get employedC. would be employingD. would employ 正確答案：A答案講解：主語he和謂語employ之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，而get employed是比較口語化的一種被動語態，這種結構中很少用by短語，所以答案為A。句子的意思是：“他被告知畢業后會被一家公司聘用。” 1The steps of progress in society ____________ of as having happened in a short time. A. must not think B. must not be thought C. must think D. thought 正確答案：B答案講解：主語the steps of progress in society和謂語think of之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，所以應選B。句子的意思是“不應該認為社會進步的步伐會在短時間內發生。” 1His wife told him that the kitchen ____________ cleaned by the sweeper. A. was being B. was getting C. has been D. got 正確答案：A答案講解：主語the kitchen和謂語clean之間是被動關系，應該用被動語態。get +，這種結構中很少用by短語，故可以排除B和D。主句是一般過去時，從句也應用過去時態，故又可以排除C。所以，正確答案為A，這是過去進行時的被動語態結構。句子的意思是：“他的妻子告訴他清潔工正在打掃廚房。” 1Owing to the snowstorm, the trip to the mountain ____________. A. has been canceling B. has canceled C. Canceled D. has been canceled 正確答案：D答案講解：the trip to the mountain和cancel 之間是動賓關系，所以這里應該用被動語態，用be+，這里符合要求的只有D，因此正確答案應該是D。 Unit 5 不定式 This pany was the first____________portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 正確答案：B答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做后置定語，修飾the first, 所以應選B。整句話的意思是：這家公司是世界上首家生產便攜式收音機和盒式磁帶錄音機的公司。 The purpose of new technology is to make life easier,____________it more difficult. A. not makingB. not makeC. not to makeD. nor to make 正確答案：C答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做與is to make life easier并列的表語，所以應選C。整句話的意思是：新技術的目的是讓生活更輕松，而不是更困難。 Helen had to shout____________above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 正確答案：D答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做動詞shout的目的狀語，所以應在B和D之間選擇。而“讓自己被別人聽到”應該用heard，而不是hear，所以應該選D。整句話的意思是：海倫不得不大聲喊，以使別人能在音樂聲中聽到她的聲音。 I don39。t know whether you happen____________, but I am going to study in the this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 正確答案：D答案講解：根據句意，這里應該用動詞不定式的完成時來表示“已經聽說”，所以應該選D。整句話的意思是：不知道你是不是已經聽說了，反正我今年9月就要到美國留學了。 The news reporters hurried to the airport, only____________the film stars had left. A. to tellB. to be toldC. telling D. told 正確答案：B答案講解：本句中的only to do ，常在句中做結果狀語，表示很令人遺憾、失望或傷心的結果，所以應從A和B中選擇。根據句意，the news reporter應是動詞tell的賓語，所以應該用動詞不定式的被動語態，故應該選B。整句話的意思是：那位記者匆匆趕到機場，卻被告知那些影星已經走了。 You were silly not ____________your car. A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 正確答案：B答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做原因狀語，并根據句意判斷，應該用不定式的完成時，所以應選B。整句話的意思是：你沒有鎖車，真傻。 The teacher asked us ____________ so much noise. A .don39。t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make 正確答案：D答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做ask的直接賓語，并根據句意判斷，應該用不定式的否定式，所以應選D。整句話的意思是：老師讓我們不要這么吵。 An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered____________clear warnings before firing any shots. A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued 正確答案：A答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做order的賓語，并根據句意判斷，不需要用不定式的被動式或完成式，所以應選A。整句話的意思是：軍方發言人強調，已經命令所有的士兵在開槍之前都必須發出明確的示警信號。 I39。d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than____________a room with someone else. A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing 正確答案：C答案講解：本句用的是would rather do sth. than do ，than后面的動詞不定式一般省去不定式符號to，所以應選C。整句話的意思是：我寧愿要一間屬于自己的屋子，多小都行，也不愿和別人同住一個房間。 The bank is reported in the local newspaper____________ in broad daylight yesterday. A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed 正確答案：B答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做主語the bank的補足語，并根據句意判斷，應該用不定式的完成被動式，所以應選B。整句話的意思是：據報道，那家銀行昨天在光天化日之下遭到了搶劫。 1A number of paintings in the castle are believed____________in a fire. A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed 正確答案：D答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做主語a number of paintings的補足語，并根據句意判斷，應該用不定式的完成被動式，所以應選D。整句話的意思是：據稱，古堡中的一批油畫已經在一場大火中被燒毀。 1The meeting ____________next week is sure to be a great success. A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 正確答案：A答案講解：本句需要動詞不定式來做主語the meeting的后置定語，并根據句意判斷，不需要用不定式的完成式或被動式，所以應選A。整句話的意思是：下周要開的會一定會取得圓滿成功。 1As a result of my laziness, I failed____________my work in