電大小抄跨文化交流復(fù)習(xí)大綱(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ture is largely without structure because of its plex and unconscious nature.2 Many of the behaviors we label as culture are not only automatic and invisible, but also produced without us being aware of them. 3 Because of their long history, cultures do not change or reinvent themselves. 4 The essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values. 5. The relationship between munication and culture may be best described by saying that culture has tremendous influence on munication but that munication only moderately affects culture. 6. In intercultural interactions, the status of the municators has very little affect on their munication. 7. A good definition of culture for business munication purposes is The food, the costumes, dances and celebrations of a country. 8. The belief that everyone underneath is just the same after all is helpful to business munication. 9. Culture, using the family as its first conduits, teaches the child how to behave in such a manner that is acceptable to adults and that garners them rewards. 10. Culture is usually learned on both the conscious and unconscious levels.III. Multiple Choices:1. Which of the descriptions below is NOT an accurate representation of the relationship between munication and culture? A. Culture influences munication. B. Culture and munication are not really related to each otherC. Communication is a way of contesting and resisting dominant culture. D. Communication transmits cultural information. 2. Understanding another culture:A. enables businesspeople to know why foreign associates believe and act as they do B. is best achieved through do39。s and don39。ts listsC. is important for businesspeople because they can appear to be better informed.D. isn39。t necessary for businesspeople 3. Culture, for purposes of business munication, is:A. interchangeable with municationB. values, attitudes and behaviorC. unnecessary to investigateD. constantly changing4. Every culture is learned, and therefore:A. a person can describe his or her own culture pletelyB. it is learnableC. it is something you know from birthD. it is not possible to live outside your own culture5. The basic functions of culture are all except which of the following?A. Culture serves the basic need of laying out a predictable world.B. Culture enables us to make sense of our surroundings.C. Culture helps us set limits on behavior.D. Culture helps us make better financial predictions in the stock market.6. Which one of the following elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?A. artifactsB. gender rolesC. valuesD. housing7. The term “culture” isA. plex, multidimensional, and allpervasive.B. another word for country.C. generally agreed upon to mean groups and societies.D. both social and political.8. A person’s culture is which of the following?A. innateB. inbornC. learned D. accidental9. People learn the lessons of culture through which of the following?A. proverbs B. mythsC. mass media D. all of the above 10. To say that culture is integrated is to say which of the following?A. Cultures change and that change is hard to stop.B. Time and space work together.C. The various facets of culture are interrelated. D. Diffusion and innovation work in tandem.Chapter 4Cultural ValuesLearning objectivesBy the end of this chapter, you should be able tol Define the term of value.l Understand that values form the core of culture.l Be aware of the basic values of our own and of other culturesl Appreciate how cultural differences in work related values shape behaviorExercises:I. Discussion Questions:1. What is meant by the term cultural value? How are these values manifested within a given culture?2. How are values formed? How can we find out about people’s values?3. How does individualism and collectivism work in the business setting?4. Why do we say that cultural values guide both perception and munication?5. What are the similarities and difference among the value studies by Kluckholn and Strodtbeck, Geert Hofstede, Trompenaars and Schwartz ?6. Can you illustrate cultural values that are critical to intercultural business munication?II. True and False1. Since all cultures share the same basic values, cultures attach the same meanings to these basic values.2. Primary values are the most important. 3. The values and behaviors of a particular culture may not be the values and behaviors of all the individuals within that culture. 4. The values of independence and individualism tend to appear in together in a culture. 5. In cultures where group membership in permanent, members of groups prefer not to engage in open confrontation. 6. It is unimportant to business people whether or not members of a culture feel fortable displaying emotion in public. 7. Cultures with a large power distance are hierarchical cultures. 8. At the core of uncertainty avoidance is the idea that the future is predictable. 9. Uncertainty is the same thing as risk. 10. Businesspeople do not need to recognize different ways of observing death in different cultures. III. Multiple Choices: Circle the letter corresponding to the correct response. 1. Which statement about values is incorrect? a. Values are social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons in a culture. b. Values are learned by contacts with family members, teachers, and religious leaders. c. Values are influenced by what is seen on television or read in newspapers.d. Peop