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cee_calendar_microbes微生物和過敏性疾病(編輯修改稿)

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【文章內容簡介】 an vein Superior vena cava Liver Stomach Mesenteric nodes Peyer’s patches Appendix Trachea Left subclavian vein Mediastinal lymph nodes Lungs Heart Spleen Thoracic duct Large intestine Small intestine Oesophagus Gutassociated lymphoid tissue Peyer’s patch Villus epithelium The induction of nonresponsiveness to orally administered antigens (including food) is called oral tolerance. Microbes living in the gut influence the immune response to a food antigen through their interactions with the innate and adaptive immune system. Life cycle of an intestinal worm, Heligmosomoides polygyrus L1 L2 L3 Small Intestine L4 9 11 Days wall Lumen Adult Adult Eggs 24 36 h 2 6 Days Q u ickT ime ? a n d aG IF d e c o mp re s so ra re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p i ct u re .H. polygyrus establishes a chronic, noninvasive niche in the intestinal lumen From Telford et al, Parasite Immunol. 1998: 20, 601 0 1000 2022 3000 4000 5000 6000 IL5 PBS fed OVA fed PBS fed OVA fed Noninfected Infected Oral Ag primes for a Th2 response in helminth infected mice 0 500 1000 1500 2022 pg/ml (+SE) IFN g PBS fed OVA fed PBS fed OVA fed Noninfected Infected Shi et al, J. Immunol. 1998, 160: 2449 (Th1) (Th2) Response to different forms of antigen presented to the GALT leads to systemic nonresponsiveness or immunity Antigen specific reduction in proliferative capacity Antigen specific clonal expansion 1st Ag challenge T cell proliferation and activation T cell proliferation and activation Subsequent challenges Profound reduction in proliferative capacity。 functional nonresponsiveness due to failure to clonally expand antigen spec

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