988太陽能自動定向跟蹤節能裝置(節能試太陽能路燈)產業化項目可行性研究報告(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 e to face…. …Sadly…I am onl y abl e to l ook at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. it’s no pleasure l ooking through these any longer because nature is one thing that real y must be experi enced. Your, Anne Fri day, 10 July 1942 When we arived at Prinsengracht, we went qui ckl y upstai rs and the hi di ng pl ace. We cl osed the dor behi nd us and we were alone. Margot had e faster on her bicycl e and already waiting for us. Al l the rooms were ful of boxes. They lay on the floor and the beds. The li ttl e rom was fi l ed wi th bedcl othes. We had to start cl earing up at once, i f we wi shed to sl eep i n fortabl e beds that ni ght. Mummy and Margot were not abl e to help. They were ti red and lay down on thei r beds. But Daddy and I, the two “hel per” of the family, started at once. The whol e day we unpacked the boxes, fil led the cupboards and ti died, unti l we were extrem el y ti red. We di d sl ep i n cl ean beds that night. We hadn’t had any warm food to eat al l day, but we didn’t care. Mumm y and Margot were too ti red and wori ed to eat, and Daddy and I were too busy. FRIENDSH IP IN H AWAII Every cul ture has its own ways to show friendship. On the isl ands of H awai, friendship is part of the “al oha spirit”. In the language of the H awai ans who first settl ed the isl ands l ong ago, al oha had a very special meaning. That is “to be with hapines”. H awai ans bel ieve that once som ebody l oves the l and, they are ready to l ove thei r peopl e or muni ty. Thi s i s the second m ost im port si gn of fri endship. It is cal ed l okahi n H awaian language, which means “oneness with al l peopl e”. To enjoy the l and you shoul d not be sel fi sh. The land is for everyone who l ives on i t. Today many di fferent people cal H awai thei r hom e. Indeed, Hawai i s a place where peopl e make one bi g m uni ty from m any sm al er m uni ti es. Each person gi ves kokua (hel p) to other people so that al fel l stronger. It’s believed that the isl ands can be a paradise when the people l ive in peace. Peopl e are told that thei r actions shoul d be as gentl e as the wi nd that bl ows from the sea. When problem s hapen, people are asked to solve them wi th understandi ng. So when peopl e of H awai tal k about ohana (fami l y), they are real y tal ki ng about al those who li ve on the i sl ands. Li vi ng in peace, H awai ans have devel oped a thi rd si gn of fri endshi p. This personal fri endshi p i s shown by giving lei s to one another. The lie, a string of flowers, is put over a friend’s neck. Then the friend is given a kiss on cheek. Visitors to the isl ands are also given l ies. When they hear al oha, visitors begin to feel at home. Aloha al so means “goodbye”, so visitors wil l hear it again when they l eave. It can al so mean “our hearts singing together”. Perhaps this is how most visitors wil rem em ber thei r new friendship. Unit 2 TH E RO AD TO MO DERN EN GLISH At the end of the 16th century, about fi ve to seven mil li on peopl e spoke Engli sh. N early al of them l ived in Engl and. Later i n the next century, peopl e from Engl and made voyages to conquer other parts of the worl d and because of that, Engli sh begin to be spoken i n m any other countri es. Today, m ore people speak Engl ish as their first, second or a forei gn l anguage than ever before. N ative Engl ish speakers can understand each other even i f they don39。t speak the same ki nd of Engli sh. Look at thi s kind of exam pl e: Bri ti sh Betty: Woul d you l i ke to see m y fl at? Am erican Am y: Yes. I’d li ke to e up to your apartment. So why has Engli sh changed over tim e? Actual ly al languages change and devel op when cul tures m eet and muni cate with each other. At fi rst the Engl ish spoken in Engl and betwen about AD 450 and 1150 was very different the Engli sh spoken today. It was based m ore on German than the Engli sh we speak at present. Then gradual y between about AD800 to 1150, Engl i sh became l ess li ke germ en because those who ruled Engl and spoke fi rst Dani sh and l ater French. These new settl ers enriched the Engl ish l anguage and especial y its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was abl e to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 som e Bri ti sh setlers m oved to Am eri can. Later in the 18th century som e Bri ti sh peopl e were taken to Australi a too. Engl ish began to be spoken i n both countri es. Fi nal ly by the 19th century the l anguage was settl ed. At that tim e two bi g changes i n Engli sh spel li ng happened: fi rst Sam uel Johnson wrote hi s di cti onary and later Noah Webster wrote The Am erican Di cti onary of the Engli sh Language. The l ater gave a separate i dentity to Ameri can Engli sh spel li ng. Engli sh now i s al so spoken as a forei gn or second language i n South Asia. For exam pl e, Indi a has a very l arge number of fl uent Engli sh speakers because Bri tain ruled Indi a from 1765 to 1947. duri ng that tim e Engli sh became the language for government and educati on. Engli sh i s also spoken i n Singapore and Malaysi a and countri es i n Afri ca such as South Afri ca. Today the number of peopl e learni ng Engl ish in Chi na i s i ncreasi ng rapi dl y. In fact, China may have the l argest num ber of Engl ish l earners. Wil l Chi nese Engli sh devel op its own i dentity? O nl y tim e wil tel l. STAN DARD EN GLISH AN D DIALECTS What is standard Engl ish? Is i t spoken i n Bri tai n, the US, Canada, Austral ia, India and N ew Zeal and? Bel i eve it or not, there i s no such thi ng as standard Engl ish. Many people beli eve the Engli sh spoken on TV and the radi o i s standard Engli sh. This i s because i n the earl y days of radi o, those who reported the news were expected to speak excel lent Engli sh. H owever, on TV and the radi o you wil hear di fferences i n the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different