新視野大學英語第一冊-課后翻譯(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 ger to the Chinese traveled extensively（廣泛地)with his family, journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to remained in China for 17 of those book The Travels of Marco Polo depicts his journeys throughout Asia, giving Europeans their first prehensive look into the Far East, including China, India, and his written accounts the Westerners learned of porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk for the first wealth of new geographic information recorded by Polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16th centuries duringthe age of the European voyages of discovery and conquest（征服).In the centuries since his death, Marco Polo has received the recognition that failed to e his way during his Polo39。s story has inspired countless other adventurers to set off and see the ：作為通過中國游歷亞洲的首批歐洲人之一，馬可?波羅可能是中國人最熟知的外國商人和航海家。從1271 年到1295 年，他和他的家人游歷廣泛，遍及歐洲和亞洲。期間，他在中國留居了17 年。他的著作《馬可?波羅游記》描述了他游歷亞洲的旅程，讓歐洲人首次全面領略了包括中國、印度和日本在內的遠東地區的情況。從他的文字敘述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火藥、印刷術、紙幣以及絲綢。在15 世紀末和16 世紀歐洲發現與征服的大航海時代，馬可?波羅所翻記錄的大量新的地理信息得到了廣泛使用。在他去世后的這幾個世紀里，馬可?波羅獲得了他在有生之年未曾獲得的贊譽。馬可?波羅的故事鼓舞了其他無數的探險者去踏上征程，發現世界。原文： 鄭和是中國歷史上最著名的航海家（maritime explorer）。公元1405 年，明朝的統治者為了穩固邊防（border defense）和開展海上貿易，派鄭和下西洋（the Western Seas）。在此后的28 年里，鄭和帶領船隊七下西洋，前后出海的人員有10 多萬人，訪問了30 多個國家和地區。船隊縱橫南亞、西亞，一直到非洲大陸。鄭和下西洋是世界航海（navigation）史上的壯舉，它展現了鄭和卓越的航海和組織才能，同時展現了明朝的國力和國威（national strength and prestige），加強了明朝和海外各國之間的關系。翻譯：Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of He39。s voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world39。s navigation showed Zheng He39。s outstanding navigation and organization talents。meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming Dynasty and the overseas 5 原文：The first written records of the ancient Olympic Games date to 776 ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a religious festival honoring Zeus（宙斯).The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece, in Olympic symbol consists of five interlaced rings of equal dimensions, representing the union of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from throughout the world at the Olympic Olympics truly took off as an international sporting event after 1924, when the 8th Olympic Games were held in 3,000 athletes from 44 nations peted that year, and for the first time the Games featured a closing Winter Olympics debuted（問世)that year, including such events as figure skating, ice hockey, bobsledding and the years later, when the 2004 Summer Olympics returned to Athens for the first time in more than a century, nearly 11,000 athletes from 201 countries peted, breaking the then record of participating ：有關古代奧林匹克運動會的最早文字記載可追溯至公元前776年。古代奧運會每4年舉辦一次，在8月6日與9月19日之間的一個紀念宙斯的宗教節日期間舉行。第一屆現代奧運會于1896年在希臘雅典舉辦。奧運會的標志由五個大小相同的套環組成，代表著五大洲的聯合和來自世界各地運動員的大聚會。奧運會真正騰飛、成為一項國際體育盛會是在1924年之后，即第8屆奧運會在巴黎舉辦之后。這一年，來自44個國家約3,000名運動員同場競技，并且第一次在奧運會上增加了閉幕式這一儀式。同年，冬季奧運會首次亮相，比賽項目包括花樣滑冰、冰球、雪橇和冬季兩項運動。80年后，2004年夏季奧運會在相隔一個多世紀后再次在雅典舉辦，來自201個國家的近11,000名運動員展開競技，創下參賽國數量之最。原文： 太極拳（Tai Chi）是一種武術（martial arts）項目，也是一種健身運動，在中國有著悠久的歷史。太極拳動作緩慢而柔和，適合任何年齡、性別、體型的人練習。太極拳既可防身，又能強身健體，因而深受中國人的喜愛。太極拳在發展的過程中，借鑒并吸收了中國傳統哲學、醫術、武術的合理內容（element），成為特色鮮明的一項運動。作為中國特有的一種運動形式，太極拳也越來越受到眾多外國朋友的喜愛。翻譯：Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as has a long history in slow and gentle movements, Tai Chi is suitable for people of any age, sex, or body type to can be used to provide selfdefense as well as build the , it has bee very popular among Chinese its development, Tai Chi borrowed and absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinese philosophy, medicine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport with unique a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining increasing popularity among many foreign 6 原文： Gap year(間隔年)refers to a period of time—not necessarily a year — in which students take time off and do something other than schooling, such as travel or year out is most monly taken after high school and before going to this time, a student might travel, engage in volunteer work or undertake(承擔)a working holiday new trend is to participate in international education programs that bine language study, home stays, cultural exchange, munity service, and independent practice of taking a year out developed in the United Kingdom in the has grown very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, however, the practice of taking a year off remains the exception（例外).But in recent years, taking a year out has bee slightly more mon for 40,000 American students participated in 2013 in gap year programs, an increase of almost 20% since such as Princeton University, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology have formal policies allowing students to defer(期)：延間隔年指的是學生休假不去上學而去旅游或工作等的一段時間，但不一定是一年。間隔年通常選在高中畢業和進入大學之前的一段時間。在這段時間里，學生可以旅游、參加志愿者工作或者在國外邊打工邊度假。一種新潮流是參加集語言學習、住家、文化交流、社區服務和自主學習于一體的國際教育活動。間隔年的做法于20世紀60年代興起于英國。它在英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭和加拿大已經變得非常流行。但是在美國，間隔年的做法仍然只是個別現象。不過近年來，間隔年對美國人來說變得稍微普遍起來。2013年有大約四萬美國學生參加了間隔年活動，比2006年增加了近20%。普林斯頓大學、哈佛大學、麻省理工學院等大學都有明文規定允許學生延遲入學。原文：改革開放以來，中國的教育事業得到了快速發展，取得了引人矚目的成就。中國政府把教育擺在優先發展的地位，堅持科教興國（revitalize the country），全面提倡素質教育(qualityoriented education)。同時，積極推進教育公平，保障人人有受教育的機會。中國的教育成就反映在兩個不同的層面：一個是全面普及了九年義務教育（nineyear pulsory education），另一個是實現了高等教育大眾化（mass higher education）。教育的發展為中國的經濟發展和社會進步作出了重大貢獻。近年來，為適應社會、經濟發展的需要，中國政府不斷加快培養各領域的急需人才。翻譯： Since its economic reform and openingup to the world, China39。s education has gone through rapid development and made remarkable Chinese