新概念英語第一冊語法重點難點點匯總-資料下載頁

　　

【正文】 be動詞＋動詞的現在分詞＋其它成分 We are having lunch.　　He is reading a book.　　The dog is running after a cat.　　The boys are swimming across the river.★變疑問句將be動詞移到句首　　Are we having lunch?　　Is he reading a book?　　Is the dog running after a cat?　　Are the boys swimming across the river?★變否定句在be動詞后面加 not　　We are not having lunch.　　He is not reading a book.　　The dog is not running after a cat.　　The boys are swimming across the river.★特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.　　疑問詞＋動詞＋主語＋現在分詞　　What are you doing?　　What is she doing?　　What is the dog doing?沒有進行時的動詞（必背）表示狀態，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作：1. 表示感覺，感官的詞　　see, hear, like, love, want2. have, has當“擁有”講時沒有進行時一般過去時表示過去發生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago...含有be動詞的句子，將be動詞變為過去式。am, is的過去式為was, are的過去式為were：　　I was at the butcher39。s.　　You were a student a year ago.　　The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首　　Were you at the butcher39。s?　　Were you a student a year ago?　　Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?★變否定句在be動詞后面加not　　I was not at the butcher39。s.　　You were not a student a year ago.　　The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.★肯定回答否定回答　　Yes, I was. / No, I was not.　　Yes, you were. / No, you were not.　　Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she was not.★特殊疑問句　　What did you do?（必背）不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變為過去式：　　I finished my homework yesterday.　　The boy went to a restaurant.　　The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.★變疑問句在句首加did，動詞變為原型　　Did you finish your homework yesterday?　　Did the boy go to a restaurant?　　Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?★變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did not　　I did not finish my homework yesterday.　　The boy did not go to a restaurant.　　The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.★肯定回答及否定回答　　Yes, I did. / No, I didn39。t.　　Yes, he did. / No, he didn39。t.　　Yes, they did. / No, they did not.現在完成時構成：主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞用法：1） 表示過去發生的和現在有某種聯系的動作，常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用。　　I have just had lunch. （飽了，不用再吃了。）　　He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝。）　　They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了。）　　The boy has already read the book. （已經知道書的內容了，不用再看了。）2） 詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現在完成時：　　Have you finished your homework?　　Have you been to Beijing?　　Have he seen the film?3） 表示開始于過去并持續到現在的動作　　I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.　　I have worked for this school for 1 year.4） 表示一種經歷，經驗：去過…地方，做過…事情，經歷過…事情　　I have never had a bath.　　I have never seen a film.　　I have never been to cinema.　　I have ever been to Paris.　　Have been to表示去過，have gone to 表示去了　　I have been to London.（人已經回來）　　He has gone to London.（人還在那里）5） 表示一種結果， 一般不和時間副詞聯用　　I have lost my pen.　　I have hurt myself.　　He has bee a teacher.　　She has broken my heart.句型變化：★變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加not.　　Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.★肯定回答及否定回答　　Yes, I have. / No, I have not.★特殊疑問句　　What have you done?　　What has he done?一般過去時與現在完成時的區別：　　凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時。　　注意：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點，不能再延續，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用。　　錯：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.　　對：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.一般將來時 ——表示將來將要發生的動作， 經常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours39。 time, etc. 表示將來的詞聯用。結構：主語+助動詞will+動詞原形　　I will go to America tomorrow.　　The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.　　Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.★變疑問句將助動詞移到句首　　Will you go to America tomorrow?　　Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?　　Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?★變否定句在助動詞后面加not　　I will not go to America tomorrow.　　The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.　　Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.★肯定回答及否定回答　　Yes, I will. / No, I will not.　　Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.　　Yes, he will. / No, he will not.★特殊疑問句　　What will you do?過去完成時 用法：在過去的時間里，兩個動作中，發生在前的哪個動作要用過去完成時。結構：had+過去分詞　　After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.　　They had sold the car before I asked the price.　　The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引導的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。★ 變疑問句將助動詞移到句首 Had she finished her homework?★ 變否定句在助動詞后面加not　　She hadn39。t finished her homework.★ 肯定回答及否定回答　　Yes, she had. / No, she hadn39。t.★ 特殊疑問句　　What had she done?過去進行時——表示過去正在進行的動作，經常用在when, while, as引導的狀語從句中。結構：was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.Their father was watching TV while they were having dinner.★變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Was their father watching TV while they were having dinner.★變否定句在be動詞后面加 notTheir father was not watching TV while they were having dinne