英國文學史全部復習資料-資料下載頁

【導讀】要熟悉，當然他最重要的喜劇作品是Hamlet這是肯定的。他的son也很重要，最重要屬。在這里出過一道匹配題，但是不用看太具體。ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse寫成的，故事情節來自OldTestament，具體情。節在課本124頁，另外要知道此書theme和Satan的形象。它是poeticaldrama，知道故事大概情節及其來源。另外129頁到130頁briefsummary. 一部分要仔細讀。Letters”and“AModestProposal”,后一篇比較重要，要注意后一篇作者用的irony. 也就是反諷手法。的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe. 第三個比較重要，需要仔細看。Realisticnovel部分要看，201頁第3點features也要看，另外Fielding也被稱為father

　　

【正文】 English poet except Shakespeare. In Milton alone, it would seem, Puritanism could not extinguish the lover of beauty. In these works we find humanism and Puritanism merged in magnificence. 3. Major Works (1) Paradise Lost a. the plot. b. characters. c. theme: justify the ways of God to man. (2) Paradise Regained. (3) Samson Agonistes. 4. Features of Milton’s works. (1) Milton is one of the very few truly great English writers who is also a prominent figure in politics, and who is both a great poet and an important prose writer. The two most essential things to be remembered about him are his Puritanism and his republicanism. (2) Milton wrote many different types of poetry. He is especially a great master of blank verse. He learned much from Shakespeare and first used blank verse in nondramatic works. (3) Milton is a great stylist. He is famous for his grand style noted for its dignity and polish, which is the result of his lifelong classical and biblical study. (4) Milton has always been admired for his sublimity of thought and majesty of expression. IV. John Bunyan 1. life: (1) puritan age。 (2) poor family。 (3) parliamentary army。 (4) Baptist society, preacher。 (5) prison, writing the book. 2. The Pilgrim Progress (1) The allegory in dream form. (2) the plot. (3) the theme. V. Metaphysical Poets and Cavalier Poets. 1. Metaphysical Poets The term “metaphysical poetry” is monly used to designate the works of the 17 th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. Pressured by the harsh, unfortable and curious age, the metaphysical poets sought to shatter myths and replace them with new philosophies, new sciences, new words and new poetry. They tried to break away from the conventional fashion of Elizabethan love poetry, and favoured in poetry for a more colloquial language and tone, a tightness of expression and the singleminded working out of a theme or argument. 2. Cavalier Poets The other group prevailing in this period was that of Cavalier poets. They were often courtiers who stood on the side of the king, and called themselves “sons” of Ben Jonson. The Cavalier poets wrote light poetry, polished and elegant, amorous and gay, but often superficial. Most of their verses were short songs, pretty madrigals, love fancies characterized by lightness of heart and of morals. Cavalier poems have the limpidity of the Elizabethan lyric without its imaginative flights. They are lighter and neater but less fresh than the Elizabethan’s. VI. John Dryden. 1. Life: (1) the representative of classicism in the Restoration. (2) poet, dramatist, critic, prose writer, satirist. (3) changeable in attitude. (4) Literary career— four decades. (5) Poet Laureate 2. His influences. (1) He established the heroic couplet as the fashion for satiric, didactic, and descriptive poetry. (2) He developed a direct and concise prose style. (3) He developed the art of literary criticism in his essays and in the numerous prefaces to his poems. Chapter 5 English Literature of the 18th Century I. Introduction 1. The Historical Background. 2. The literary overview. (1) The Enlightenment. (2) The rise of English novels. When the literary historian seeks to assign to each age its favourite form of literature, he finds no difficulty in dealing with our own time. As the Middle Ages delighted in long romantic narrative poems, the Elizabethans in drama, the Englishman of the reigns of Anne and the early Gees in didactic and satirical verse, so the public of our day is enamored of the novel. Almost all types of literary production continue to appear, but whether we judge from the lists of publishers, the statistics of public libraries, or general conversation, we find abundant evidence of the enormous preponderance of this kind of literary entertainment in popular favour. (3) Neoclassicism: a revival in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries of classical standards of order, balance, and harmony in literature. John Dryden and Alexander Pope were major exponents of the neoclassical school. (4) Satiric literature. (5) Sentimentalism II. Neoclassicism. (a general description) 1. Alexander Pope (1) Life: a. Catholic family。 b. ill health。 c. taught himself by reading and translating。 d. friend of Addison, Steele and Swift. (2) three groups of poems: e. An Essay on Criticism (manifesto of neoclassicism)。 f. The Rape of Lock。 g. Translation of two epics. (3) His contribution: h. the heroic couplet— finish, elegance, wit, pointedness。 . (4) weakness: lack of imagination. 2. Addison and Steele (1) Richard Steele: poet, playwright, essayist, publisher of newspaper. (2) Joseph Addison: studies at Oxford, secretary of state, created a literary periodical “Spectator” (with Steele, 1711) (3) Spectator Club. (4) The significance of their essays. a. Their writings in “The Tatler”, and “The Spectator” provide a new code of social morality for the rising bourgeoisie. b. They give a true picture of the social life of England in the 18th century. c. In their hands, the English essay pletely established itself as a literary genre. Using it as a form of character sketching and story telling, they ushered in the dawn of the modern novel. 3. Samuel Johnson— poet, critic, essayist, lexicographer, editor. (1) Life: at Oxford。 b. made a living by writing and translating。 great cham of literature. (2) works: poem (The Vanity of Human Wishes, London)。 criticism (The Lives of great Poets)。 preface. (3) The champion of neoclassical ideas. III. Literature of Satire: Jonathan Swift. 1. Life: (1) born in Ireland。 (2) studies at Trin