初三英語定語從句講解及-練習-資料下載頁

　　

【正文】 )you talked ：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(2)The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.* ，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語)(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語)* ，相當于who或者whom；指物時，相當于which，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1)The people that/who e to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語)(2)Where is the man（that/whom）I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語)* ，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen ，常用以下結構來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：只能使用that,不用which 的情況：* 1）當先行詞是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它們修飾時。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以為你做的嗎？All that can be done must be 。* 2）當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the 。The first thing that we should do is to get some 。* 3）當先行詞有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修飾時。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that39。s 。* 4）當主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句中引導詞用that ,不用which 或 who，以避免重復。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰？ * 5）當先行詞既有人又有物時，用that。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well 。只用which不用that的情況： * 1)關系代詞前有介詞時； is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定語從句中；作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。 necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3)先行詞本身是that時； clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last ，他曾經是我的老師。（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you這里有人要和你說話(限制性)* 4)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。He did very well in the petition, which made his parents very happy.* 關系代詞 whom，which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，的工廠。(引導詞that作定語從句“(that)they visited last month”的賓語，that可以省略)* 注意：不要以為在時間名詞后就一定用關系副詞when，在地點名詞后就一定用關系而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care 、關系副詞引導的定語從句*when：當主句中的先行詞(即主句中被后面定語從句修飾的詞)是表示時間意義的名詞時，它只能作定語從句的時間狀語，放在定語從句句首。如果定語從句的引導詞是作該定語從句的主語或賓語，則要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the arrived in Beijing on the day when I days when we used foreign oil are 。I39。ll never forget the day when I was born.(=I39。ll never forget my birthday.)我永遠不會忘記我出生的日子。It happened in November when the weather was wet and 。The day(that)I always remember in all my life is my 。(that作定語從句“that I always remember in all my life”的賓語，that可以省略)*where：當主句中的先行詞是表示地點意義的名詞時，它只能作其所在的定語從句的地點狀語，放在定語從句的句首。如果定語從句的引導詞作該定語從句的主語或賓語時，也要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：The factory where his father works is in the east of the city This is the room where(＝in which)I lived last 。Is this the classroom where(=in which)the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 這就是那位老工人要給我們做報告的教室嗎？Let39。s look for a place where we can 。The building that is being built over there will be a new 。(引導詞that作定語從句“that is being built over there”的主語)That is the factory(that)they visited last 副詞 where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用關系副詞why。到底選用關系副詞還是關系代詞，關鍵是看它們在從句中是用作狀語(用關系副詞)還是用作主語或賓語(用關系代詞)。如：Don’t forget the time(that)I’ve told 。(that用作told的賓語)I’ll never forget the days when I worked with 。(when用作狀語)He works in a factory that /which makes radio 。(that/ which 在從句中用作主語，且不能省略)He works in the factory where his father 。(where作狀語)That’s the reason(that /which)he explained to 。(that或which在從句中用作explained的賓語)That’s the reason why she left 。(why在從句中作狀語)* 英語中的關系副詞主要是 when, where, why三個，不要想當然地將how用作關系副詞修飾the way。如不說 This is the way how he spoke，可改為 This is how he spoke(how引導的是表語從句)，當然也可說成 This is the way(that/ in which)he spoke.(其中的that/ in which可省略)* 另外，when和where可引導限制性和非限制性定語從句，而why則只用于引導限制性定語從句，不用于引導非限制性定語從句。Sunday is a holiday , when people do not go to ，（這天）人們不上班。He took us into the classroom , where there were only a few ，那兒只有少數幾個學生。* 在定語從句的使用中，one of后面的名詞是復數，這個復數名詞制約后面的定語從句的謂語動詞，用復數； 而在one of 前面有the或 the only時，后面引導的定語從句中的謂語動詞則用單數形式。He is the only one of the students who is elected?Jasper is one of those people who know about the 語 從 句 練習一、用關系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose is the man ________ wants to see student ___________ answered the question is Zhang man __________ you went to see has man ___________I met yesterday lent me some woman _______________ you saw is our geography runner ________________ you are asking about is over person ______________ you should write to is man ___________was passing by saw what is the pen _________ you lost the day before books _____________ you lent me were very storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily clock is a machine ______ tells people the is shirt _______________I bought dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the book ____________ is on the table is film ____________ they are talking about is very will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? me the boy ______________ mother is a wellknown boy______ father is a teacher is good at 、單項選擇() teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ es from ()’s the name of the are listening are listening to that you are listening you are listening() students were all interested ____ you told them which that this that everything() was the only person in his office______ was () is the museum______ we visited last which that() told his mother all____ had () you know the student_____? I often talk who I often talk often talk