固定平臺、走道、樓梯與梯子的設計、施工與安裝培訓資料(文件)

　

【正文】 g or assembly does not weaken the intrinsic strength of the structure or system.系統在設計時，必須確保接頭處能夠承受設計荷載，并且固定或裝配的方法不會減弱結構或系統的固有強度。Where it is desired to use material not in accordance with a recognized Standard specification, the use of such material shall be subject to the approval of the regulatory authority.若希望使用與認證標準規范不一致的材料，此類材料的使用必須獲得管理機構批準。不得使用拼合管。Where galvanized pipes are welded, care shall be taken to minimize damage to the internal and external galvanizing. Damage to the galvanizing shall be made good by cold galvanizing, the application of a zincrich paint, or equivalent protection.焊接鍍鋅管時，必須謹慎，將對內外鍍鋅的損害降到最低。未鍍鋅管的端部應密封，防止濕氣進入。按照AS178AS 1810或AS 2796標準，實心木料必須為標準等級或更高。 Ladders The quality of the timber and the species used in the construction of fixed ladders and step ladders shall ply with the appropriate requirements of AS .梯子。Bolts of a diameter less than 12 mm shall not be used for attaching guardrailing posts, supports, or brackets to platforms, walkways, or stairways, or for attaching ladders to the main supporting structure. Where the form of attachment places a tensile load on the bolts or where there is eccentricity of loading on the bolts, not less than two bolts shall be used in the connection.不得使用直徑小于12毫米的螺釘不得用于固定將護欄立柱、支撐件或支架連接到以及平臺、走道或樓梯的支架上，也不得用于將梯子固定連接到主要支撐結構上。混凝土原料必須遵守AS 3600標準的相關要求。2 Although any suitable protective coating may be used, the coating shall be applied using good mercial practice.雖然可以使用任何適當的保護防護涂層均可使用，但仍必須應利用按照良好的商業實踐進行施涂涂層。Welding of steel ponents shall be in accordance with AS . Welding of aluminium ponents shall be in accordance with AS 1665.鋼構件的焊接必須遵守AS 。平臺必須相對水平。距離高度差超過450毫米的相鄰各層之間的通行通道必須符合遵照第四章或第五章的要求。 柵板（鋼板網，金屬柵板）；(b) metal plate fitted with cleats。Where cleats are used, they shall be fixed across the walkways to provide a safe foothold. 若使用夾板，則應跨走道固定，以便提供一個安全的立足點。)1： 5 (176。走道坡度大于1：（）且小于1：2（）時，且應在中介平面中間高度層裝配一個或多個梯段平臺。平臺的凈寬不得窄于600毫米。Where there is a fixed structure not more than 100 mm distance from both sides of a walkway, the clear width of the walkway measured between the two structures shall be not less than 600 mm.若走道兩側均有距其不到100毫米的固定結構，則在兩個結構之間實測的的走道凈寬為兩個結構之間距離，從兩個結構之間測量，不得少于小于600毫米。若在走道兩側安裝護欄，則應從在護欄內緣之間實測的測定走道凈寬，且凈寬不得窄于550毫米。除非由管理機構批準，否則平臺和走道上方的豎向凈空凈高必須大于2000毫米。)1 ： 3 (176。NOTE: It is remended that provision be made for drainage.注釋：注：建議制定排水相關的規定。 or ；或者(d) other acceptable material. 其他可接受的材料。走道坡度最大為20度（包括20度）。Where the level of a platform above an adjacent platform or floor is not more than 300 mm, access from one level to the other may be gained without the provision of an intermediate step. Where the change of level is greater than 300 mmbut does not exceed 450 mm, one intermediate step shall be provided. Access between adjacent levels where the difference exceeds 450 mm shall be in accordance with the requirements of Section 4 or Section 5 or by a sloping walkway in accordance with Clause .若平臺高度高出高于鄰近平臺或地板的距離少于300毫米以下，則不依靠中間踏步也可從一個層面高度進入另一高度層面。CAUTION: CARE MUST BE EXERCISED FOR WELDED APPLICATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF ALUMINIUM STRUCTURES TO ENSURE ADEQUATE WELD JOINT STRENGTH.警告：對鋁結構設計進行焊接時，必須小心確保足夠的焊縫強度。 WELDING All welding for attaching guardrailing posts, supports, or brackets to platforms, walkways, or stairways, or for attaching ladders to the main supporting structures, shall be continuous.焊接。若使用保護層防護涂層，則涂層必須符合相應標準要求。For external applications, or hazardous environments, bolts and nuts for aluminium rails and posts shall be hotdip galvanized in accordance with AS 1650 or be of austenitic stainless steel.對于外部應用或用于外部結構或有害環境應用下時，鋁制橫桿導軌和立柱的螺釘和螺帽必須按照AS 1650要求進行熱浸鍍鋅，或者由采用奧氏體不銹鋼制成。 Bolts The permissible working stresses and sizes for bolts shall be as specified in AS 4100.螺釘。Plywood shall ply with AS 2269. Plywood exposed to the weather or to other conditions of high decay hazard shall be suitably treated in accordance with AS 1604.膠合板必須符合AS 2269標準。NOTE: Attention is drawn to the minimum design loads given in Section .注釋：注：。NOTE: Attention is drawn to the minimum design loads given in Section .注釋：注：。若使用鍍鋅管，（見注釋）。 Piping管道 General Where pipe is used for guardrails or posts, it shall be of seamless, welded, or drawn welded manufacture. Split pipe shall not be used.概論概述總則。若有的話，使用的原料所用材料必須符合相關澳大利亞標準的規定（若有的話）；若無相關澳洲標準，則應遵守英國標準或其他公認的規范。 Fixing of ponents All ponents shall be securely fixed so that guardrails, posts, and intermediate rails or infill form an integral structure or system.構件的固定。Treads shall be designed for a distributed loading of not less than kN per linear metre of stairway width or a concentrated loading of not less than 1 kN, whichever loading produces the more adverse effect.，或者是不少于1kN的集中負荷荷載，以造成更壞影響的為準。 Stairways Stairways and integral landings shall be designed for the dead load of the structure plus a superimposed live loading of not less than kPa uniformly distributed. Where the stairs are likely to be loaded in excess of the above requirements, the design loading shall be based on the requirements of AS .樓梯。3 Where the guardrailing may be called upon to restrain people under panic conditions a load of up to 3 kN/m may be exerted.若如果要求用護欄來約束可能回用于抑制處于恐慌狀態下的人員，則可以施加護欄應可承受高達3kN/m以下的荷載壓力。如果可以的話若適當，必須在上述活荷載上增加符合AS 。In special cases, where large floor areas or concentrated loads (or both) have to be considered, variation of the design load specified above may be referred to the regulatory authority.對于必須考慮大型地板面積或集中載荷荷載（或兩者）的特例，對以上指明的設計荷載所作的更改應當咨詢管理機構。包括平臺、走道、樓梯、梯子和護欄等結構的設計必須遵守以下標準的相關要求：(a) For aluminium: AS 1664. 鋁：AS 1664(b) For concrete: AS 3600混凝土：AS 3600.(c) For masonry: AS 3700. 石材：AS 3700(d) For timber: AS . 木材：AS (e) For steel: AS 1538, AS 3990(Int) or AS 4100. 鋼：AS 1538，AS 3900（INT）或AS 4100 Design loadings設計荷載 Floors Floors shall be designed for the dead load of the structure plus a superimposed live loading of not less than kP