chapter1信息系統(tǒng)的參與者(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ng timely information for problem ｜進(jìn)行高技術(shù)的和專業(yè)化的工作｜注重?cái)?shù)據(jù)分析以及為解決問題產(chǎn)生及時(shí)的信息 ? Supervisors， middle managers, and executive managers || decision makers || focus on information （日常管理）、中層經(jīng)理（戰(zhàn)術(shù)性決策）、和高層經(jīng)理（戰(zhàn)略性規(guī)劃）｜決策制定者｜注重信息獲取能力 Remote an Mobile Users遠(yuǎn)程和移動(dòng)用戶 ? Like internal users, they are employees of the business for which you are building information systems. 同內(nèi)部用戶一樣，他們也是為之構(gòu)造信息系統(tǒng)的企業(yè)雇員。 ? Unlike internal users, they are geographically separated from the business. Such as:與內(nèi)部用戶不同，他們不在企業(yè)辦公室內(nèi)工作。例如： ? Sales representatives can directly tap databases and orderfilling systems。 銷售代表能直接訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫和訂單系統(tǒng) ? Telemuting may reduce costs and improve worker 。 External Users modern information systems are now reaching beyond the boundaries of the traditional business to interoperate with other businesses, trading partners, suppliers, customers, and even ，能夠與其他企業(yè)、貿(mào)易伙伴、供應(yīng)商、客戶甚至消費(fèi)者聯(lián)接起來。 For example, businesses increasingly connect their purchasing systems directly to the order processing systems of their suppliers to eliminate paperwork and more quickly replenish inventories of products, raw materials, and supplies.如，企業(yè)越來越多地將他們的采購系統(tǒng)直接連接到供應(yīng)商的訂單處理系統(tǒng)，以減少文書工作，并更快地補(bǔ)充產(chǎn)品、原料和庫存。 System Designers ? System designers translate system users’ business requirements and constraints into technical solutions. They design the puter files, databases, inputs, outputs, screens, works, and programs that will meet the system users’ 統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員將系統(tǒng)用戶的業(yè)務(wù)需求和約束條件轉(zhuǎn)換成技術(shù)方案。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)滿足系統(tǒng)用戶需求的計(jì)算機(jī)文件、數(shù)據(jù)庫、輸入、輸出、屏幕界面、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和程序。 ? System designers are interested in information technology choices and the design of systems within the constraints of the chosen 術(shù)限制內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)感興趣。 System Builders ? System builders construct the information system ponents based on the design specifications from the system designers. 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造人員根據(jù)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員的設(shè)計(jì)說明構(gòu)造信息系統(tǒng)構(gòu)件。 ? In many cases, the system designer and builder for a ponent are one and the ，一個(gè)的構(gòu)件的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員和系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造人員是同一個(gè)人。 ? The applications programmer is the classic example of a system builder. However, other technical specialists may also be involved, such as systems programmers, database programmers, work administrators, and microputer software specialists.應(yīng)用程序員是典型的系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造人員。然而，其他技術(shù)專家也可能會(huì)參與進(jìn)來，例如，系統(tǒng)程序員、數(shù)據(jù)庫程序員、網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理中和微機(jī)軟件專家。 Systems Analysts ? A systems analyst facilitates the development of information systems and puter 。 ? The systems analyst must interact with each of the other stakeholders in the system:系統(tǒng)分析員需要同系統(tǒng)中的其他所有關(guān)聯(lián)人員交互： ? For the system owners and users || identifies and validates their business problems and needs。對(duì)系統(tǒng)所有者和用戶，分析員確定并難他們的業(yè)務(wù)問題和需求。 ? For the system designers and builders || ensures that the technical solution fulfills the business needs and then integrates the technical solution into the 、構(gòu)造人員，分析員確保技術(shù)方案實(shí)現(xiàn)了業(yè)務(wù)需求。 ? As part of the facilitation, the systems analyst performs systems analysis and ，系統(tǒng)分析員要進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析和系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。 systems analysis and design ? Systems analysis is the study of a business problem domain to remend improvements and specify the business requirements for the 究業(yè)務(wù)問題領(lǐng)域，對(duì)改進(jìn)提出建議，并為制定方案說明業(yè)務(wù)需求。 ? Systems design is the specification or construction of a technical, puter based solution