中英思維差異對翻譯的影響畢業論文(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 he bush when they talk, hiding the key point until the last moment, which can be called a pattern of climaxing. This is a typical structure mirroring curvilinear thinking mode. It is ingrained in people39。s mind., while linear thinking mode is preferred in English. Englishspeaking people are used to presenting the topic at a foremost place so as to arouse the attention of the listeners or readers, which is followed by the specification of facts, and a conclusion in the end. This is a typical structure mirroring linear thinking mode. As to the Chinese people, they prefer to explain or describe an idea from the peripheries and the outside atmosphere to support the main idea or topic shown up at the end of the expression. For example, the original English is that it is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in procession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife (J. Austen, Pride and Prejudice), and the Chinese version is “凡是有錢的單身漢，總想娶個太太，這是一個舉世公認的道理”. It revealed that topic sentence always generalize the central idea in English. There is another example, the original English is that the two sides found is beneficial to have this opportunity to present one another their views on a variety of issues, and the Chinese version is 現在有機會互相介紹彼此對各種問題的觀點，對此，雙方認為是有利的”. Chinese stress curvilinear thinking mode that the most important message put in the last. Reversely, English emphasize linear thinking mode that the most crucial message lay in the first. Synthetic thinking mode vs. Analytic thinking modeAs we all know, both synthetic thought and analytic thought are basic forms of human thought. Synthetic thought inclines to bine separate parts of an object or idea into a unity, and integrate its qualities, relations. And analytic thought inclines to disintegrate a unity into small parts, or separate its qualities, relations. Different culture background between Chinese and English result in different thinking mode they preferred.. In philosophy, Chinese people emphasize the ideas of unity of heaven and man, the blending of objects and man, harmony and the power of understanding. Chinese people don39。t stress the analysis, but pay attention to the individual prehension, understand tacitly and the mentality space and time order. (). However, in English thinking mode, individualism is highlighted. The English people link their own emotion to planetary influence and the natural elements, so they prefer logically analytic thinking. It clarifies the differences of subject and object, men and nature, spirit and materials, imagination and existence, etc. For example, the word 說 in Chinese can be expressed by say, speak and tell in English. The English expression of speaking can be specified in different situations, which makes language terse, precise, diverse and vivid. But in Chinese expression, the meaning of speaking is general and some modifiers are used to enrich the meaning. As another example, Chinese version is 春花含苞待放，綠葉緩緩舒展，溪水潺潺流淌，歡樂的春天涌動著無數的追求和希望，這一切難以用言語傾訴表達. English version is Spring has more much than speech in its unfolding flowers and leaves, and the coursing of its streams, and in its sweet restless seeking (John Galesworthy, The Apple Tree). The example reflects that Chinese emphasize synthetic thought. flowers, leaves and streams are described in detail at first and then conclude that everything is beautiful and promising. Oppositely, English stress analytic thought. General conclusion e first, and then described in detail. From the previous analysis, we can see that Chinese pay attention to synthesis, conclusion, hint and reservation, while English focus on analysis, the pursuit of details, and the allaspects description of things. Ontological thinking mode vs. Objective thinking modeIn Chinese traditional philosophy, philosophers pay attention to the harmony between human beings and environment, and the laws which people should gasp in the nature. Lao Zi, a wellknow scholar in China, has put that human follows the earth, the earth follows heaven, heaven follows Taoism, Taoism follows nature. Human efforts can achieve anything is one of the essence of Chinese thinking habit. Chinese advocate that human things must be done by people, the thing itself can39。t finish it. Chinese people regard man as the central to observe, analyze, deduce and study the objects. It embodied with strong ontological thinking mode in their beliefs. Thus, Chinese people prefer to use the animate to be the subject of a sentence. Meanwhile, in terms of English, they regard nature as study object, so their culture is objectoriented and natureoriented. Gradually, Englishspeaking people take the objective world as the central, and form objective thinking mode. Englishspeaking people prefer to use the inanimate to be the subject. Here are some examples. Original English is American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson. Chinese version is 托馬斯?杰佛遜對美國的教育事業作出了巨大的貢獻. From the example, we can see that the subject of original English is not the executive of behaviors. But in Chinese version, they transferred the subject to conform to Chinese thinking habit——ontological thinking mode. As another example, the original English is An idea suddenly struck me. American English owes a great deal to Noah Webster, an American lexicographer and writer. Her good work and obedience have pleased her teacher. Chinese version is 我忽然想到一個主意，美國詞典編纂者、作家諾亞韋伯斯特為美語做出了巨大的貢獻，她的老師為她的勤奮努力和聽話感到高興. Original English applies the objective thinking mode to the language structure. idea,