寬帶rss方位估計(jì)技術(shù)的研究畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ..................................... X 2 MUS IC 算法 .................................................................................................................................................. XII MUSIC 算法概述 ................................................................................................................................... XII MUSIC 算法原理 .................................................................................................................................. XIII MUSIC 算法性能分析 .......................................................................................................................... XV 3 空間平滑算法 ............................................................................................................................................ XVIII 空間平滑算法概述 ............................................................................................................................ XVIII 空間平滑算法原理 ...............................................................................................................................XIX 前向空間平滑算法 ...................................................................................................................... XIX 后向空間平滑 ............................................................................................................................... XXI 前后向空間平滑 .......................................................................................................................... XXII 修正 MUSIC 算法 ......................................................................................................................XXIII 空間平滑算法性能分析 .................................................................................................................... XXV 前向空間平滑 .............................................................................................................................. XXV 前后向空間平滑 .......................................................................................................................... XXV 修正 MUSIC 算法 .................................................................................................................... XXVII 結(jié)論 .................................................................................................................................................................. XXVIII 致謝 .....................................................................................................................................................................XXIX 參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................................................................................................................. XXX 摘要 DOA(波達(dá)方向 )估計(jì)在雷達(dá)、聲納、衛(wèi)星和移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，它的基本問(wèn)題就是確定同時(shí)處于空間某一區(qū)域內(nèi)多個(gè)感興趣的信號(hào)的空間位置(DOA)，而根據(jù)信號(hào)類(lèi)型的不同其處理方法也不同。寬帶信號(hào)在實(shí)際中大量存在，計(jì)算量遠(yuǎn)比窄帶大。目前寬帶信號(hào)處理的算法主要有兩類(lèi)：基于不相干信號(hào)的處理方法（ ISM)和基于相干信號(hào)的處理方法（ CSM)。 非相干信號(hào)子空間方法（ ISM)首先將寬帶信號(hào)在頻域分解為 J 個(gè)窄帶分量，然后在每一個(gè)子帶上直接進(jìn)行窄帶處理，即對(duì)每一個(gè)子帶的譜密度矩陣進(jìn)行特征分解，根據(jù)信號(hào)子空間和噪聲子空間的正交性構(gòu)造空間譜，對(duì)所有子帶的空間譜進(jìn)行平均，最后得到寬帶信號(hào)空間譜估計(jì)。 CSM 類(lèi)算法的基本思想就是通過(guò)聚焦矩陣將各頻率點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)變成同一頻率點(diǎn) (參考頻率 )的數(shù)據(jù)，從而形成相關(guān)矩陣。其中的關(guān)鍵在于聚焦矩陣的選擇，不同的選擇對(duì)應(yīng)不同的算法，總的思路就是找出各頻率點(diǎn)某些特征與參考點(diǎn)的特征之間的關(guān)系。 論文圍繞 CSM 算法做了一些研究，在已有成果 基礎(chǔ)上提出改進(jìn)方法，即 RSS算法。 ISM 方法不能解決相干源問(wèn)題，而 RSS 算法不僅提高了估計(jì)性能，而且解決的相干源問(wèn)題。 關(guān)鍵詞 :寬帶信號(hào) 波達(dá)方向 (DOA)估計(jì) RSS II ABSTRACT DOA (DOA) estimates on the radar, sonar, satellite and mobile munication system, it has been widely used to determine the basic problem is also in space a certain area of interest of more than space position (DOA signal), And according to signal its treatment methods different types of different also. broadband signal in actual present in large amounts in than narrowband putation. At present the broadband signal processing algorithm basically has two kinds: based on irrelevant signal processing method (ISM) and based on coherent signal processing method (CSM). Incoherent signal subspace methods (ISM) will first broadband signal in frequency domain deposition for J a narrowband ponents and in each is take directly narrowband for each process, namely the spectral density matrix with stature feature deposition, according to signal subspace and noise subspace the orthogonality of tectonic space spectrum, all subband space spectrum, finally get an average broadband signals space spectrum estimation. The basic idea of CSM clustering algorithm is through each frequency focus matrix of data into the same frequencies (reference frequency) data correlation matrix, and thus formed. The key lies in the choice, different focus matrix of choice for different algorithms, general idea is to find some characteristics and the frequency characteristic of the reference point between relationship. Paper around did some research CSM algorithm based on the previous research, and put forward the improving methods, namely the RSS method cannot solve the problem, and RSS coherent sources estimate algorithm can not only improve the performance, and solve problems. Coherent source Keywords: Broadband signal DOA (DOA) estimates RSS III 引言 陣列信號(hào)處理是信號(hào)處理領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的一個(gè)重要分支，其應(yīng)用涉及雷達(dá)、通信、聲吶、地震、勘探、射電天文以及生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程等眾多軍事及國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域。陣列信號(hào)處理是將多個(gè)傳感器設(shè)置在空間的不同位置組成傳感器陣列，并利用這一陣列對(duì)空間信號(hào)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行接收和處理，以提取陣列所接收的信號(hào)及其特征信息，同時(shí)抑制干擾和噪聲或不感興趣的信號(hào)。與傳統(tǒng)的單個(gè)定向傳感 器相比，陣列信號(hào)處理具有靈活的波束控制、高的信號(hào)增益、極強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力及高的空間超分辨能力等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因而受到了人們的極大關(guān)注，與此相關(guān)的研究工作不斷發(fā)展與深入，其應(yīng)用范圍也不斷擴(kuò)大。同時(shí)隨著微電子技術(shù)、數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)、并行處理技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，陣列信號(hào)處理的理論和實(shí)際應(yīng)用也得到迅速發(fā)展。 空間譜估計(jì)作為陣列信號(hào)處理的一個(gè)重要研究方向，它是在自適應(yīng)空域?yàn)V波的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的。其主要研究的問(wèn)題是在處理帶寬內(nèi)空間信號(hào)到達(dá)方向（ DOA： Direction of Arrival）的問(wèn)題。空間譜估計(jì)側(cè)重于研究空間多傳感器 陣列所構(gòu)成的處理系統(tǒng)對(duì)感興趣的空間信號(hào)的多種參數(shù)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確估計(jì)的能力，估計(jì)信號(hào)的空域參數(shù)或信源位置。其主要目標(biāo)是研究提高處理帶寬內(nèi)空間信號(hào) (包括獨(dú)立、部分相關(guān)和相干 )角度的估計(jì)精度、角度分辨力和運(yùn)算速度的各種算法。空間譜表示信號(hào)在空間各方向上的能量分布，因而得到信號(hào)的空間譜，就能得到信號(hào)的波達(dá)方向（ Directionofarrival， DOA），空間譜估計(jì)常稱(chēng)為“ DOA 估計(jì)”。 本文利用矩陣奇異值分解的性質(zhì)，對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)信號(hào)子空間寬帶測(cè)向算法中聚焦矩陣的計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行修正，從而給出了一種簡(jiǎn)便的聚焦矩陣計(jì)算方法一 RSS 算法，該算法可以大大減小運(yùn)算量，與傳統(tǒng)的 DOA 估計(jì)算法相比， RSS 算法在方向估計(jì)精度、分辨率和相干測(cè)向性能等方面都