基于單片機的水塔水位控制系統(tǒng)設計學士學位論文-資料下載頁

【導讀】殖場中為家畜提供飲用水，沖洗養(yǎng)殖圈；在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中通過水塔控制系統(tǒng)來排放污水。的事故和經(jīng)濟損失。本次設計采用基于單片機水塔水位控制系統(tǒng)，為了使實際供水過程。中要確保水位在允許的范圍內(nèi)浮動，應采用電壓控制水位。變化，從而控制電動機，保證水位正常。因此，這里給出以STC公司的STC89C52單片。并在Proteus軟件環(huán)境下實際仿真。系統(tǒng)程序語言是使用比較廣泛的C語言進行編寫，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，達到的系統(tǒng)控制效果很好。實驗結(jié)果表明，該系統(tǒng)具有良好的檢測控制功能，可移植性和擴展性強。該基于單片機的水塔水位控制系統(tǒng)方便，降低工作人員的工作量。提高了整體的效率。

　　

【正文】 0xx. [4] 周潤景 .PROTEUS 入門實用教程 [M].北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， 20xx. [5] 丁元杰 單片微機原理及應用 機械工業(yè)出版社 20xx [6] 騰召勝 羅隆福 智能檢測系統(tǒng)與數(shù)據(jù)融合 機械工業(yè)出版社 20xx [7] 孫虎章 自動控制原理 中央廣播電視大學出版社 1999 [8]《單片微型計算機技術(shù)》 劉國榮 編 機械工業(yè)出版社 [9]《單片微型計算機原理、應用及接口技術(shù)》 張迎新 編 國防工業(yè)出版社 [10]《單片機實用系統(tǒng)設計技術(shù)》 房小翠 編 國防工業(yè)出版社 [11]《單片機應用系統(tǒng)設計》 何立民 編 北航出版社 [12]《單片機原理及接口技術(shù)》 曹琳琳編 國防科技大學出版社 [13] [美 ] Intel： Microcontroller Handbook,1988. [14] ATME L. CORPORATION. . [15] [德 ]克勞斯貝伊特 . 電子元件 [M].北京：北京科 技出版設， 1999. 沈陽理工大學學士學位論文 28 [16] 超星數(shù)字圖書館 . [17] 中國電子網(wǎng) . [18]《軟件世界》雜志 . . 附錄 A 英文原文 Research on Fuzzy Control for Steam Generator Water Level Wei Peng Dafa Zhang I. INTRODUCTION The steam generator is one of the main devices in PWR nuclear power plant, in order to ensure the safety of nuclear power plant during operation。 the steam generator?s water level must be controlled in a certain range. When the nuclear power plant is running, as the steam flow or the water flow changing, the amount of boiling bubbles in the steam generator will change due to local pressure or temperature change, the instantaneous water level showed “false water level” phenomenon . The existence of “false water level” made it difficult to control the water level. The introduction of feedforward control to the traditional singleloop PID control can, in a certain extent, overe the false water level phenomenon. But the conventional PID control method in the process of steam generator water level control has some shortings. To the steam generator that has highly plex, large timedelay and nonlinear timevarying characteristics, the PID parameters tuning is a tedious job and the control effect is very poor. Furthermore, to achieve good control performance still as conditions changing, it often needs to change the PID controller parameters. But the analog PID controller parameters are difficult to regulate online. Fuzzy control is a kind of nonlinear 沈陽理工大學學士學位論文 29 control strategy based on fuzzy reasoning, which express operating experience of skilled manipulation men and mon sense rules of inference through vague language. Fuzzy control do not need to know precise mathematical model of controlled object, is not sensitive to the change of process parameters, is highly robust and can overe nonlinear factors, so, fuzzy control has faster response and smaller ultra tone, can get better control effect. Based on understanding above, this paper design a steam generator water level fuzzy controller, the simulation shows that the controller has good control performance and practical value. II. DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STEAM GENERATOR The transfer function of PWR steam generator?s mathematical model of the general form shows below: y(s)=GW(s)QW(s)+GS(s)QS(s) （ 1） where y is the steam generator water level。 QW for the water flow。 QS for the steam flow。 GW (s) for the impact of the water flow to the steam generator water level。 GS (s) for the effect of the steam flow (load) to the steam generator water level. The balance of the steam generator water level is maintained through the match between the water flow and steam flow. The process that water level changes with the steam flow or water flow changing can be regarded as a simple integration process, but impact of the water flow and steam flow ?s change on water level is different. A. Dynamics Characteristics under Water Flow Disturbance Suppose steam flow GS remains unchanged, and water flow GW step increases, on the o ne hand because the temperature of feed water is much lower than the temperature of saturated water in the steam generator, so that , when feed water entering, it will absorb a lot of extra heat, the vapor phase bubble contents will reduce, resulting in water level decreasing。 on the other hand, the increase in water flow GW made it greater than steam load, and cause water level increases linearly. Comprehensive two factors, after the step increase of the water flow, the water level rise has a time delay process, showing a down then up. B. Dynamic Characteristics under Steam Load Disturbance Suppose feed water flow GW remains unchanged, and steam load GS step increases, on the one hand the water level will flow down because the steam flow rate is greater tha n the water flow rate. On the other hand, as the steam load increased, vapor pressure is reduced。 the bubble volume on the liquid surface increases, causing the water level increased. Comprehensive two factors, after the step increase of the steam flow rate, the water level down has a time delay process, showing a up then down. 沈陽理工大學學士學位論文 30 The impact on the water level of water flow or steam flow stepping decreased has similar principle as above. As analysis can be seen as above, when the water flow or steam load change, the water level did not follow the change immediately, but there is an opposite process at first. This phenomenon is called false water level phenomenon. III. DESIGN OF WATER LEVEL FUZZY CONTROLLER The conventional PID controller has a poor control performance to the steam generator that exist “false water level” characteristics, showing a greater overshoot in the tracking time. But a welldesigned fuzzy controller is able to overe the false water level phenomenon, and has good control performance. A. Sstructure of Fuzzy Controller The structure showed in Figure 1. Figure 1. Structure of steam generator water level fuzzy controller Choose the water level error (e) and change rate of error (ec) as input of the fuzzy controller, the output of the fuzzy controller is the added value of the valve opening signal Δu. Meanwhile, use the steam flow feedforward to overe the false water level phenomenon, use water flow feedback to overe fluctuations in water supply side . k1, k2 were water flow a