20xx年高考復習精講：英語閱讀理解新課標人教版-資料下載頁

【導讀】胳，摘取有用的材料，舍棄無關的信息，有的放矢，高效省時。以便選出最佳答案。若前后不一致或意思矛盾，則要考慮重選答案。看法混為一談，自以為是。這一項考查的是文章的靈魂與中心。

　　

【正文】 salting, sugaring, bottling? . What refrigeration did promote was marketingmarketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price. Consequently, most of the world’ s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificiallycooled space inside an artificiallyheated housewhile outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabi and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers(漢堡包 ), but at least you’ ll get rid of that terrible hum. 1. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges? A. People would not buy more food than was necessary. B. Food was delivered to people two or three times a week. C. Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily. D. People had effective ways to preserve their food. 2. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? A. Inventors B. Consumers C. Manufacturers D. Travelling salesman 3. What is the author’s overall attitude toward fridges? A. Neutral B. Critical C. Objective D. Compromising 以上三題是較為典型的有關作者觀點、態度的綜合判斷題。 【解析】 D） 從表面上看該題的線索詞“ nothing was wasted” 出現在第二段，但第二段中出現的細節屬于具體現象，不足以說明題干的問題。而在第三段中，作者指出了在冰箱發明之前已經有行之有效的食物儲存方法。由此可見，二、三段之間構成了邏輯上的因果關系，因而正確答案為 D）。該題旨在考查考生依據特殊現象（第二段）歸納出一般規律（第三段）的邏輯分析能力。 B） 這道題考查考生在語篇層面上綜合已知信息，進行歸納判斷的能力。作者在第四 段指出 “ What refrigeration did promote was marketing?” , 即制造商、電力、食品供應商從中受益，但沒有“誰最不受益”的具體表述。在接下來的第五、六段，作者指出了冰箱的種種弊端，并作出結論 “? its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant”。 所以“最不受益者”應當是消費者本人。 B） 作者對冰箱的態度可以通過綜合第三、四、五、六段的段首句（主題句）的內容得出。 總之，判斷作者的觀點、 態度，應當用聯系的觀點、綜合的方法來進行，而不能依靠只言片語主觀眾臆斷。 六、 文章的基本結構 理解文章基本結構 （ 1） 說明文的基本結構： Descriptive writing Definition Description Example Comparison Conclusion (Introduction) (Explanation) Classification （ 2） 議論文的基本結構 (Argumentation) Topic Arguments facts example conclusion (Opinion) (Supporting sentences) theory （ 3） 記敘文的基本結構： （ Narrative writings) Story presentation Time clues Ending (account) Inverted time clues (surprising/humourous way （ 4） 夾敘夾議文的基本結構： opinion tory presentation conclusion advice significance 對文章基本結構理解的考查方式 （ 1） 問結構 1） How is the text anized?（ 07 浙江 52 題） A. Topic—Argument—Explanation —Discussion—Description C. Main idea—parison—supporting examples —supporting examplesconclusion 2) The writer uses the example of ―ocelots‖/―the 2020 Sydney Olympic‖to show that... 3)The first paragraph is used as…/to… 4)The first paragraph mentioned Peter Jennings’ death in order to （ 2） 指代 1)The word ―everything‖in paragraph 2 means____ 2)What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to? （ 3） 文章出處題 1)The passage is most likely to be taken from___ The passage is most likely a part of____ 3)The passage is most likely to be taken from the article entitled_____ 4)What may be talked about before the first paragraph? /after the last paragraph? 5)The paragraph following the passage will probably discuss____