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【正文】 人可以有效地撤該要約以終止受要約人的承諾能力，盡管一個或一個以上被提議的合同已 經由受要約人作出承諾而成立。 167。48. Death or Incapacity of Offeror or Offeree要約人或受要約人死亡或喪失行為能力An offeree’s power of acceptance is terminated when the offeree or offeror di es or is deprived of legal capacity to enter into the proposed contract.如果受要約人或要約人希望或被剝奪締結合約的法律能力，則受要約人的承諾能力終止。167。49. effect of Delay in Communication of Offer要約傳達過程中延遲的效力If munication of an offer to the offeree is delayed, the period within which a contract can be created by acceptance is not thereby extended if the offere d knows or has reason to know of the delay, though it is due to the fault of the offeror。 but if the delay is due to the fault of the offeror or to the means of transmission adopted by him, and the offeree neither knows nor has reason to know that there has been delay, a contract can be created by acceptance with in the period which would have been permissible if the offer had been dispatched at the time that its arrival seems to indicate.如果一個針對受要約人的要約在傳達過程中出現延遲，那么，如果受要約人知道或有理由知道此延遲，則其作出承諾締結合同的期限并不因此延期，即使延期是由于要約人的過錯所導致的；但是如果延期是由于要約人的過錯所致，或者是由于要約人所采用的發送方式所導致的，并且受要約人不知道或沒有合理的理由知道延遲的存在，則如果要約是在它應到達時的日期被發送，那么，受要約人可以在可允許的期間內作出承諾締結合同。TOPIC 5. ACCEPTANCE OF OFFERS主題五 要約的承諾167。50. Acceptance of Offer Defined。 Acceptance by Performance。 Acceptance by Promise承諾的定義；通過履行義務而為承諾；通過允諾作出承諾(1) Acceptance of an offer is a manifestation of assent to the term thereof ma de by the offeree in a manner invited or required by the offer.承諾就是受要約人依照要約所邀請或要求的方式，對要約人表示接受其要約而成立合同之意思表示。(2) Acceptance by performance requires that at least part of what the offer re quests be performed or tendered and includes acceptance by a performance which operates as a return promise.通過履行義務而為承諾，要求至少要約的部分請求被履行或被實施，并且包含通過履行義務表示承諾，該義務的履行相當于相應的承諾。(3) Acceptance by a promise requires that the offeree plete every act essential to the making of the promise. 通過允諾作出承諾要求受要約人完成每一個對發出允諾具有重要意義的行 為。167。51. Effect of Part Performance Without Knowledge of Offer在不知道要約的情況下部分履行的效力Unless the offeror manifests a contrary intention, an offeree who learns of an offer after he has rendered part of the performance requested by the offer m ay accept by pleting the requested performance.除非要約人作出相反的意思表示，如果受要約人在已經履行了部分要約所要求的義務之后得知該要約的存在，則該受要約人可以通過完成被要求的義務履行來作出承諾。167。52. Who May Accept an Offer有權作出承諾的人An offer can be accepted only by a person whom it invites to furnish the consideration.只有那些被邀請提供約因的人可以就要約作出承諾。 167。 by Performance Manifestation of Intention Not to Accept通過履行義務作出不予承諾的意思表示(1) An offer can be accepted by the rendering of a performance only if the off er invites such an acceptance.只有在要約人要求以履行義務作出承諾時，受要約人才可以通過履行義務承諾。(2) Except as stated in 167。69, the rendering of a performance does not constitute an acceptance if within a reasonable time the offeree exercises reasonable d iligence to notify of nonacceptance.除167。69 的規定外，如果受要約人在合理的時間內盡到合理的勤勉向要約人發出不予承諾的通知，則義務的履行并不構成承諾。(3) Where an offer of a promise invites acceptance by performance and does not invite a promissory acceptance, the rendering of the invited performance does not constitute an acceptance if before the offeror performs his promise t he offeree manifests an intention not to accept.如果一個允諾的要約要求通過履行義務來作出承諾，并不要求以允諾承諾 ， 則如果在要約人履行允諾之前，受要約人作出不予承諾的意思表示，則該義務 的履行并不構成一個承諾。167。54. Acceptance By Performance。 Necessity of Notification to Offeror通過履行義務作出承諾；向要約人發出通知的必要性(1) Where an offer invites an offeree to accept by rendering a performance, n o notification is necessary to make such an acceptance effective unless the off er requests such a notification.如果一個要約要求受要約人通過履行義務而為承諾，則除非該要約要求發出承諾的通知，否則受要約人沒有必要發出通知宣布該承諾生效。(2) If an offeree who accepts by rendering a performance has reason to know that the offeror has no adequate means of learning of the performance with r easonable promptness and certainty, the contractual duty of the offeror is disc harged unless如果受要約人通過履行義務而為承諾，并且有合理的理由知道要約人沒有足夠的渠道以合理的迅急和確定性知曉義務的履行，則要約人的合同義務解除，除非(a) the offeree exercises reasonable diligence to notify the offeror of acceptance, or 受要約人盡到合理勤勉就承諾的作出通知要約人，或(b) the offeror learns of the performance within a reasonable time, or要約人在合理的期間內知曉了義務的履行，或(c) the offer indicates that notification of acceptance is not required. 該要約并沒有要求就承諾作出通知。167。55. Acceptance of NonPromissory Offers非允諾要約的承諾Acceptance by promise may create a contract in which the offeror’s performan ce is pleted when the offeree’s promise is made.通過允諾而為的承諾可以創設合同，并且當受要約人作出允諾時，要約人已經履行了該合同的義務。167。56. Acceptance By Promise。 Necessity of Notification to Offeror通過允諾而為承諾；向要約人發出通知的必要性Except as stated in 167。69 or where the offer manifests a contrary intention, it is essential to an acceptance by promise either that the offeree exercise reasonable diligence to notify the offeror of acceptance or that the offeror receive the acceptance reasonably.除167。69 節的規定或要約有相反的意思表示外，受要約人盡到合理的勤勉就承諾通知要約人或者要約人合理地收到承諾對于通過允諾而為的承諾而言至關重要。167。57. Effect of Equivocal Acceptance模棱兩可承諾的效力Where notification is essential to acceptance by promise, the offeror is not bound by an acceptance in equivocal terms unless he reasonably understands it as an acceptance.如果通過允諾而為的承諾要求發出通知，則模棱兩可作出的承諾對要約人并不具有約束力，除非要約人合理地認為其屬于承諾。167。58. Necessity of Acceptance Complying with Terms of Offer依照要約條款所作承諾的必要性An acceptance must ply with the requirements of the offer is to the promise to be made or the performance to be rendered.承諾應按照要約對允諾或義務履行的要求作出。 167。59. Purported Acceptance Which Adds Qualifications附帶有限制條件的聲稱的承諾A reply to an offer which purports to accept it but is conditional on the offeror39。s assent to terms additional to or different from those offered is not an acceptance but is a counteroffer.如果對一個旨在承諾的要約的回復，取決于要約人對附加條款的同意，或者該恢復與要約的內容實質上不符，則該回復并非承諾，而應屬于反要約。 167。60. Acceptance of Offer Which States Place, Time or Manner of Acceptance說明承諾地點、時間或承諾方式的承諾If an offer prescribes the place, time or manner of acceptance its terms in this respect must be plied with in orde